Fulvivirga marina sp. nov. and Fulvivirga sediminis sp. nov., two novel Bacteroidetes isolated from the marine sediment

Abstract

Two novel, designated strains 29W222T and 2943T, were isolated from the marine sediment from Aoshan Bay, Jimo, PR China. Growth was observed at pH 6.0–8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) for strain 29W222T, and pH 5.5–8.5 (pH 7.0) for strain 2943T. Both strains displayed growth in 0.5–6 % NaCl with an optimum at 1 % for 29W222T; 0.5 % for 2943T. Both strains grew optimally at 33 °C. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that 29W222T and 2943T represented members of the genus Fulvivirga and strain 29W222T was most closely related to Fulvivirga kasyanovii KMM 6220T (97.9 % sequence similarity) and Fulvivirga imtechensis AK7T (95.0 %), and 2943T to Fulvivirga imtechensis AK7T (95.7 %) and Fulvivirga kasyanovii KMM 6220T (94.8 %). The genomic DNA G+C contents of 29W222T and 2943T were 39.9 and 37.7 mol%, respectively. The results of chemotaxonomic analysis indicated that the sole respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7), and the major fatty acid was iso-C15 : 0 for both strains. Average nucleotide identity and average amino acid identity values between strain 29W222T and Fulvivirga kasyanovii KMM 6220T were 78.9 and 83.6 %, respectively; the corresponding values between 2943T and Fulvivirga imtechensis AK7T were 69.8 and 63.6 %, respectively. Therefore, strains 29W222T and 2943T represent to two novel species of the genus Fulvivirga , for which the names Fulvivirga marina sp. nov. (29W222T=KCTC 62848T=MCCC 1K05194T) and Fulvivirga sediminis sp. nov. (2943T=KCTC 62847T= MCCC 1K05144T) are proposed, respectively.

Three novel marine species of the genus Fulvivirga, rich sources of carbohydrate-active enzymes degrading polysaccharides

“…Meanwhile, strain SW1-E11 T contained phosphatidylethanolamine, three aminophospholipids, four unidenti ed lipids, one unidenti ed aminolipid, and one unidenti ed phospholipid. Interestingly, F. sediminis 2943 T does not contain any phospholipid in the polar lipid pro le [39], which differed from the novel strain SW1-E11 T (Fig. S2).…”

“…S1). Strain SW1-E11 T grew slowly under anaerobic or microaerophilic conditions, which is similar to F. sediminis 2943 T [39] and F. marina 29W222 T [39], while the two other novel isolates and the remaining species exclusively grew under an aerobic condition [34][35][36][37][38]. Furthermore, the three isolates showed gliding motility, which differed from F. lutimaris KCTC 42720 T [37] and F. imtechensis JCM 17390 T [35].…”

“…Tables Table 1. Comparative physiological characteristics of three novel strainsSS9-22 T , W9P-11 T , SW1-E11 T and their reference strains in genus Fulvivirga. Taxa: 1, SS9-22 T ; 2, W9P-11 T ; 3, SW1-E11 T ; 4, F. sediminis 2943 T [39]; 5, F. imtechensis JCM 17390 T [35]; 6, F. aurantia KCTC 82638 T [38]; 7, F. kasyanovii KCTC 12832 T [34]; 8, F. marina 29W222 T [39]; 9, F. lutimaris KCTC 42720 T [37]…”

“…Members of the genus Fulvivirga, which belong to the phylum Bacteroidota, have been discovered in various areas of the marine environment [34][35][36][37][38][39], but their ability to degrade polysaccharides is not well understood. The genus Fulvivirga rst described by Nedashkovskaya et al (2007) belongs to the family Fulvivirgaceae, class Cytophagia.…”

“…Members of the genus Fulvivirga are heterotrophic, Gram-stain-negative, non-agellated, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped cells, and share menaquinone 7 (MK-7) as the major respiratory quinone. At the time of writing, the genus consists of seven species, including F. kasyanovii [34], F. imtechensis [35], F. lutimaris [37], F. aurantia [38], F. lutea [36], F. marina [39], and F. sediminis [39]. Thus far, members of this genus are reported to degrade starch only among polysaccharides [34,[36][37][38].…”