Fulvic Acid Reduced GO and Phthalocyanine Nanorods as Reaction Platform for Simultaneous Determination of Catechol, Hydroquinone, Phenol and p-nitrophenol

Abstract

In this paper, a novel nanocomposite fulvic acid reduced graphene oxide (FA-rGO) and Co-phthalocyanine nanorods (CoPcNRs) was prepared and used to construct an electrochemical sensor for simultaneous detection of catechol (CC), hydroquinone (HQ), phenol (PN) and p-nitrophenol (p-NP). FA as reductant used to prepare FA-rGO nanocomposite, which fabricated by hydrothermal method and freeze-drying process. The method is environmentally friendly and realizes the gentle reduction of GO. CoPcNRs were synthesized by surfactant-assisted ultrasonic method. The microstructure and morphologies of the as-prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The electrochemical oxidation of CC, HQ, PN and p-NP was investigated using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The results show that the FA-rGO/CoPcNRs modified electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical activity toward the simultaneous redox of CC, HQ, PN and p-NP. Under optimal conditions, the linear ranges of CC, HQ, PN and p-NP were 1 μM-650 μM, 2 μM-450 μM, 2 μM-160 μM, 2 μM-140 μM, with 0.3 μM, 0.65 μM, 0.65 μM and 0.65 μM, respectively. In addition, the modified electrode showed good selectivity, sensitivity and stability. The application in real samples was also evaluated, and the recoveries suggesting that FA-rGO/CoPcNRs nanocomposites could be used as an excellent potential reaction platform for the simultaneous determination of CC, HQ, PN and p-NP in environmental samples.

Popcorn‐Derived Porous Carbon Based Electrochemical Sensor for Simultaneous Determination of Hydroquinone, Catechol and Nitrite

“…[3] These compounds can both damage environment and harm humans health because of their highly toxic and low degradable characters. [4][5][6] Therefore, the simultaneous, quantitative and accurate detection of HQ and CC is an essential issue in analytical field. Among various analytical methods, the electrochemical methods have obtained much more attention due to the advantages of fast response, low cost, simple preparation and good analytical performance.…”

“…In addition, these compounds were listed as environmental pollutants by European Union and United States environmental protection agency [3] . These compounds can both damage environment and harm humans health because of their highly toxic and low degradable characters [4–6] . Therefore, the simultaneous, quantitative and accurate detection of HQ and CC is an essential issue in analytical field.…”

Azaporphyrins Embedded on Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Potential Use in Electrochemical Sensing—A Review

“…The obtained sensor revealed much better LOD of catechol in comparison to MWCNTs-based samples due to an increased recognition area. The electrochemical determination of catechol, hydroquinone, phenol and p-nitrofenol by the use of unsubstituted Co(II)Pc embedded on fulvic acid reduced GO and deposited on GCE was performed by Zhang et al [84]. The best electrocatalytic performance of a modified electrode was achieved in case of catechol sensing.…”

Cobalt Oxide Nanorod-Modified GCE as Sensitive Electrodes for Simultaneous Detection of Hydroquinone and Catechol

“…Thus, it is essential to develop a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for selective and simultaneous detection of HQ and CT. In this circumstance, scientists have tried to develop the surface properties of bare electrodes by fabricating the electrode surface with materials such as metal oxides [21,22], carbon materials [23,24], conducting polymers [25,26], and composite materials [17]. In addition, synthesis of conducting polymers and composite materials is time consuming and follows intricate procedures.…”