Fully Roll-to-Roll Processed Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells via Precise Control on the Morphology of PbI2:CsI Layer

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted tremendous attention as a promising alternative candidate for clean energy generation. Many attempts have been made with various deposition techniques to scale-up manufacturing. Slot-die coating is a robust and facile deposition technique that can be applied in large-area roll-to-roll (R2R) fabrication of thin film solar cells with the advantages of high material utilization, low cost and high throughput. Herein, we demonstrate the encouraging result of PSCs prepared by slot-die coating under ambient environment using a two-step sequential process whereby PbI2:CsI is slot-die coated first followed by a subsequent slot-die coating of organic cations containing solution. A porous PbI2:CsI film can promote the rapid and complete transformation into perovskite film. The crystallinity and morphology of perovskite films are significantly improved by optimizing nitrogen blowing and controlling substrate temperature. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.13% is achieved, which is promising for PSCs fabricated by two-step fully slot-die-coated devices. Furthermore, PSCs with a 1 cm2 area yield a champion PCE of 15.10%. Moreover, a PCE of 13.00% is obtained on a flexible substrate by the roll-to-roll (R2R) coating, which is one of the highest reported cells with all layers except for metal electrode fabricated by R2R process under ambient condition.

Multifunctional succinate additive for flexible perovskite solar cells with more than 23% power-conversion efficiency

“… 5 With the experience accumulated in rigid PSCs, the PCE of FPSCs has reached over 22% in small areas 6 , 7 and 15% in large areas. 8 , 9 In addition, an increasing number of researchers have begun to explore the industrial roll-to-roll fabrication of FPSCs, 10 , 11 showing a promising future in flexible photovoltaic applications.…”

Recent Progress Toward Commercialization of Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells: From Materials and Structures to Mechanical Stabilities

“…[ 248 ] For two‐step fabrication, by forming a porous PbI 2 :CsI film, the rapid and complete transformation of perovskite film could be achieved with the assistance of nitrogen blowing under an ambient environment. [ 249 ] A PCE of 13.00% was reported with optimization of blowing conditions and substrate temperature. Lately, to avoid the influences from heat or solvent processing, a dry press deposition technique was developed for the roll‐to‐roll fabrication.…”

Tiny spots to light the future: advances in synthesis, properties, and application of perovskite nanocrystals in solar cells

“…a self-assembly, and crystallization, [8][9][10] the mechanisms of charge generation and charge transfer 10,11 perovskites already have their place in the development of optoelectronics. When we take a look at the advance in solar cells, many scientific works have presented numerous ways and possibilities to bring the benefits of perovskites into products for the industrial community through studies with different architectures, 1,[12][13][14] small to large area devices, 13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and stability tests. 17,23,24 Predictably, perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) have not been slow to enter this race.…”