Full-field characterization of femtosecond pulses by spectrum and cross-correlation measurements

Nicholson, Jeffrey W.; Jasapara, J.; Rudolph, W.; Omenetto, Fiorenzo G.; Taylor, Antoinette J.

doi:10.1364/ol.24.001774

Cited by 138 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Figure 4a,b shows a good match between the simulations and the experiments. Pulse shapes were inferred from autocorrelation and spectrum measurements using the PICASO algorithm 27,28 . The pulse shapes agree well with numerical simulations and match a parabolic (hyperbolic secant) temporal profile for the similariton (soliton-like) pulses shortly after the end of the gain fibre (near the end of the SMF section; Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Soliton–similariton fibre laser

2010

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Rapid progress in passively mode-locked fibre lasers 1-6 is currently driven by the recent discovery of new mode-locking mechanisms, namely, the self-similarly evolving pulse (similariton) 7 and the all-normal-dispersion (dissipative soliton) regimes 8,9 . These are fundamentally different from the previously known soliton 10 and dispersion-managed soliton (stretched-pulse) 11 regimes. Here, we report a fibre laser in which the mode-locked pulse evolves as a similariton in the gain segment and transforms into a regular soliton in the rest of the cavity. To our knowledge, this is the first observation of similaritons in the presence of gain, that is, amplifier similaritons, within a laser cavity. The existence of solutions in a dissipative nonlinear cavity comprising a periodic combination of two distinct nonlinear waves is novel and likely to be applicable to various other nonlinear systems. For very large filter bandwidths, our laser approaches the working regime of dispersionmanaged soliton lasers; for very small anomalous-dispersion segment lengths it approaches dissipative soliton lasers.Passively mode-locked fibre lasers are being used in a diverse range of applications, including optical frequency metrology 12,13 , material processing 14 and terahertz generation 15 . Historically, major advances in laser performance have followed the discovery of new mode-locking regimes [1][2][3][4][5][6]16 , so there is always a strong motivation to search for new regimes.The physics of mode-locked fibre lasers comprises a complex interaction of gain, dispersion and nonlinear effects 17 . Such lasers are a convenient experimental platform for the study of nonlinear waves subject to periodic boundary conditions and dissipative effects. These characteristics profoundly alter the behaviour of nonlinear waves, so this area of research is interesting in its own right. In addition to the vast literature on optical solitons . These similaritons existed in segments of the cavity without any gain and loss to avoid the large spectral broadening that is characteristic of amplifier similaritons. Formation of a self-consistent solution in a laser cavity requires the compensation of spectral broadening, which has proved to be non-trivial 5 . Despite numerical predictions of their existence dating back almost a decade 26 , amplifier similaritons had yet to be observed in a laser cavity.Here, we present our experimental and theoretical work demonstrating an entirely new mode-locking regime, in which the pulse propagates self-similarly in the gain fibre with normal dispersion, and following spectral filtering, gradually evolves into a soliton in the rest of the cavity, where the dispersion is anomalous. All mode-locked lasers to date have had a single type of nonlinear wave propagating within the cavity; however, in our laser, distinctly different similariton and soliton pulses co-exist, demonstrating that transitions between these are possible. Remarkably, this construct is extremely robust against perturbations. Although the pulse expe...

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confidence: 99%

Soliton–similariton fibre laser

2010

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“…12 As input data for this retrieval algorithm we used the measured spectrum (Fig. 3) and noncollinear autocorrelation (solid curve in Fig.…”

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Nonlinear femtosecond pulse compression at high average power levels by use of a large-mode-area holey fiber

Südmeyer¹,

Brunner²,

Innerhofer³

et al. 2003

Opt. Lett.

132

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“…3(c)]. The temporal profile of the chirped pulse was retrieved from the autocorrelation and spectrum data using the PICASO algorithm [22]. The shape is essentially parabolic, confirming the role of self-similar evolution in the latter part of the gain fiber [inset of Fig.…”

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confidence: 87%

Sub-50 fs Yb-doped laser with anomalous-dispersion photonic crystal fiber

et al. 2013

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We report on the generation of 42 fs pulses at 1 μm in a completely fiber-integrated format, which are, to the best of our knowledge, the shortest from all-fiber-integrated Yb-doped fiber lasers to date. The ring fiber cavity incorporates anomalous-dispersion, solid-core photonic crystal fiber with low birefringence, which acts as a broadband, in-fiber Lyot filter to facilitate mode locking. The oscillator operates in the stretched-pulse regime under slight normal net cavity dispersion. The cavity generates 4.7 ps long pulses with a spectral bandwidth of 58.2 nm, which are dechirped to 42 fs via a grating pair compressor outside of the cavity. Relative intensity noise (RIN) of the laser is characterized, with the integrated RIN found to be 0.026% in the 3 Hz-250 kHz frequency range.

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Full-field characterization of femtosecond pulses by spectrum and cross-correlation measurements

Cited by 138 publications

References 11 publications

Soliton–similariton fibre laser

Soliton–similariton fibre laser

Nonlinear femtosecond pulse compression at high average power levels by use of a large-mode-area holey fiber

Sub-50 fs Yb-doped laser with anomalous-dispersion photonic crystal fiber

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