Fueling Direct Injected Diesel Engines With 2% Biodiesel Blend

Abstract

The Agricultural Engineering Department at the University of Missouri−Columbia has monitored the fueling of a 1996 Dodge pickup truck equipped with a 5.9−L (360−in. 3 ) Cummins engine with a 2% blend of methyl−ester soybean oil (soydiesel/biodiesel) and petroleum diesel fuel (B2) for more than 65,352 km (40,608 miles). The pickup averaged 7.91 km/L (18.61 mile/gal). Analysis of engine lubrication oil suggested that the engine was wearing at a normal rate. Exhaust emissions were measured at Iowa State University. The black exhaust smoke normally observed when a diesel engine accelerates was reduced each time the engine was fueled with B2, but CO, HC, and NO x were not affected.

Usability of food industry waste oils as fuel for diesel engines

“…Both cogeneration units showed a typical increase in HC emissions (Fig. 7) of diesel fuel compared to fuels of agricultural origin (Schumacher, 1996;Graboski and McCormick, 1998;Dobiasch, 2000;Lachenmaier, 2002). In cogeneration unit 1, a more complete combustion and lower HC concentration was associated with all non-diesel fuels (Birkner, 1995).…”

“…Examples for these modifications were improvement of fuel injection time and volume, coating of the prechamber (at IDI diesel engines) and replacement of the fuel injector nozzles. Prechamber (IDI) diesel engines are capable of running with straight vegetable oils, while DI diesel engines need previously transesterification of the oils (Jurisch and Meyer-Pittroff, 1994;Birkner, 1995;Schumacher, 1996;Graboski and McCormick, 1998).…”

“…In a variety of studies, it was determined which emissions arise from the usage of rapeseed oil and RME as fuel (Jurisch and Meyer-Pittroff, 1994;Birkner, 1995;Schumacher, 1996;Graboski and McCormick, 1998;Hemmerlein et al, 1991;Widmann and Kern, 1999). The emissions were measured on production and modified diesel engines using various experimental parameters.…”

An Analysis of Exhaust Emissions on a Diesel Engine Operation by Biodiesel

“…Biodiesel-diesel blends, as well as pure biodiesel, can be used as diesel engine fuel (Schumacher et al, 2005;Labeckas and Slavinskas 2006;Romig and Spataru, 1996;Dunn et al, 1996;Chang et al, 1996;Peterson et al, 2000;Labeckas and Slavinskas, 2005;Nagaraj and Prabhu, 2002;Zaher, 2003). Because there was no standard for biodiesel production formerly, it had been produced by primitive methods.…”

Challenges of Phosphate and Carbonate Salts as Catalysts for Biodiesel Synthesis

“…In the search for renewable fuels that can replace petroleum-based fuels, biodiesel has gained distinction as a promising solution. − Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) synthesized via the transesterification of vegetable oils with methanol catalyzed by homogeneous sodium methoxide. Salt produced during neutralization of the catalyst contaminates the FAME product.…”