Fruit mass, colour and yield of ‘Honeycrisp’™ apples are influenced by manually-adjusted fruit population and tree form

Wright, A. Harrison; Embree, C.G.; Nichols, Douglas S.; Prange, Robert K.; Harrison, Peter A.; DeLong, John M.

doi:10.1080/14620316.2006.11512079

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…This decline in the proportion of red skin coloration found in our study agrees with previous results for other cultivars such as 'Honeycrisp' (Embree et al, 2007;Wright et al, 2006), 'Elstar', 'Jonagold' and 'Golden Delicious' (Link, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Previous studies on apples have also found a decrease in vegetative growth as crop load increases, an effect which extended even into subsequent growing seasons (Byers, 2003;Embree et al, 2007;Wright et al, 2006). However, in our work, 'Caricia' shoots were never shorter than those of 'Eva', even under the highest crop load treatments (Figure 1).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…Most studies on apples have found negative correlation between mean fruit weight and crop load (Elfving and Schechter, 1993;Embree et al, 2007;Wright et al, 2006). This is due to the fact that fruit size is mainly determined by the number of cells per fruit and their subsequent enlargement (Harada et al, 2005), and both factors are affected by the competition for carbon between developing fruits as crop load increases (Ho, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these fruit quality attributes are negatively affected by increased crop load, and therefore the economic value of the crop (Embree et al, 2007;Link, 2000;Meland, 2009;Treder, 2008Treder, , 2010Wright et al, 2006). A sub-optimal crop load will result in low yields and increased tree vigor (Inglese et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop loading studies on ‘Caricia’ and ‘Eva’ apples grown in a mild winter area

Castro

Álvarez

Gabriel

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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ABSTRACT:The crop load level of an apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) tree impacts fruit yield and quality parameters, tree vigor and biennial bearing. The optimal crop load is that which allows for consistent annual cropping and fruit quality acceptable to the market. We evaluated the effect of crop load on yield and fruit quality of two low-chill apples cv. 'Caricia' and 'Eva', growing in a mild winter area. During 2010 and 2011 crop load was manually adjusted from 2 or 3 to 17 fruits cm −2 of trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA). Fruit yield was positively related to crop load in both cultivars but mean fruit weight diminished as the crop load increased. For both cultivars, the production of non-commercial and small-sized fruit increased, whereas production of middlesized fruit diminished as the fruit load increased. Shoot length was not affected by crop load in 'Eva' whereas it was reduced in 'Caricia'. Red skin color (RSC %) had a quadratic response to crop load in 'Caricia'. On the other hand, the RSC % of 'Eva' fruit was adjusted to a negative logarithmic model as an effect of crop load increment. No biennial bearing was observed in either cultivar. This research study suggests that the maximum limit of crop load for both cultivars is 7 fruits cm −2 of TCSA, and the lower limit of crop load was 3 fruits cm −2 of TCSA for 'Eva' and 5 fruits cm −2 of TCSA for 'Caricia'.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop loading studies on ‘Caricia’ and ‘Eva’ apples grown in a mild winter area

Castro

Álvarez

Gabriel

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…a intensidade da carga de frutos tem grande efeito sobre atributos como: massa ou calibre, cor da casca, firmeza da polpa e o conteúdo de sólidos solúveis totais dos frutos (IGLESIAS et al, 2008;2012). Dada a importância da intensidade de carga sobre a produção e a qualidade comercial da fruta produzida, existem numerosas pesquisas que objetivaram determinar a carga ótima de frutos por planta em diferentes cultivares (emBRee et al, 2007;linK, 2000;tReDeR, 2008;VolZ, 1988;WRIGHT et al, 2006). Porém, esta carga ótima é diferente entre cultivares de macieira, variando de três até nove frutos por centímetro quadrado de superfície transversal do tronco (FCQ) (emBRee et al, 2007;tReDeR, 2008;WRiGht et al, 2006).…”

Section: C Castro Et Alunclassified

Carga Ótima De Frutos Na Macieira ‘Princesa’ De Baixo Requerimento Em Frio Invernal:resultados Preliminares

et al. 2015

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RESUMO -o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da carga de frutos sobre a produção total, calibre, massa média, comprimento dos ramos e intensidade da frutificação no ano seguinte, em plantas de macieira (Malus × domestica Borkh.) cv. 'Princesa'. Durante os anos de 2009 e 2010, as infrutescências foram submetidas a raleio manual, deixando nas árvores uma carga de 1 a 9 frutos por centímetro quadrado de superfície do tronco (FCQ). a produção total aumentou com o incremento da carga frutífera desde 1 a 9 FCQ, enquanto a massa média dos frutos diminuiu no mesmo intervalo. a quantidade de frutos pequenos aumentou até atingir 10% do total nas plantas de maior carga e a proporção de frutos de tamanho médio cresceu, alcançando 35% do total da produção. no entanto, a quantidade de frutos grandes não foi afetada pelo nível de carga, mantendo-se em maior proporção com relação ao total colhido (≈66%). O crescimento dos ramos, até 60 dias após a colheita, esteve negativamente afetado pela intensidade de carga. Observouse que não houve alternância de safra no ano seguinte ao experimento. A carga ótima para minimizar a produção de frutos pequenos, alcançando a maior produção total sem debilitar as árvores, pode-se atingir no intervalo entre 5 e 9 FCQ. Termos para indexação: raleio manual, qualidade de frutos, crescimento vegetativo, Malus domestica. OPTIMUM CROP LOAD FOR LOW-CHILL APPLE cv PRINCESA: PRELIMINARY RESULTSABSTRACT -The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of crop load on yield, fruit size, vegetative growth and return to bloom of low-chill apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), cv. 'Princesa'. During 2009 and 2010 crop load was manually adjusted from 1 to 9 fruits per unit of trunk cross-sectional area (tCSa). Fruit yield was positively related to crop load, but mean fruit weight decreased with increasing crop load. The proportion of small and middle-sized fruits increased with rising crop load reaching 10% and 35% respectively of the total yield at the highest crop load. However the proportion of large-sized fruits did not change with the increase in crop load. Shoot length at 60 days after harvest was negatively related to crop load whereas return to bloom was not affected. these results demonstrates that the optimum crop load for 'Princesa' apple ranges between 5 to 9 fruits per unit of tCSa.

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