Fructan Metabolism in Grasses and Cereals

Pollock, Christopher J.; Cairns, Andrew J. G.

doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.42.060191.000453

Cited by 436 publications

(335 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, a determination and comparison of the carbohydrates in WSC and ESC can be used to calculate the amount of fructan present, which was significant in our study. This finding disagrees with what Pollock and Cairns [45] reported, but it suggests that genotypes that accumulate fructans may have a higher potential for over-wintering. Taken together, our data indicated that lower concentrations of fat and starch along with a higher concentration of WSC, ESC, and fructans were efficient indicators for rhizome overwintering ability within the College Station soil column environment.…”

Section: Assimilate Concentrations and Overwinteringcontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Rhizome Composition and Overwintering Ability in Perennial Sorghum spp. Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)

Washburn

Murray

et al. 2013

Bioenerg. Res.

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Temperately adapted perennial sorghum feedstocks have recently begun to receive increasing interest as candidate energy crops, producing significant biomass and contributing agroecological benefits including increased soil organic carbon, reduced soil erosion, reduced input requirements, and higher net energy return. Rhizomes are the primary morphological feature facilitating overwintering in Sorghum species; however, underlying physiological mechanisms governing rhizome overwintering remain poorly characterized. In this study, we investigated the composition of sorghum rhizomes from diverse germplasm before and after overwintering at two locations and three experimental environments. Significant positive correlations were found between rhizome overwintering and water-soluble carbohydrates, ethanol soluble carbohydrates, and fructan concentrations, while significant negative correlations were found between rhizome overwintering and both crude fat and starch. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration equations were developed to quickly and efficiently predict the concentrations of each of these assimilates in rhizomes.

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Section: Assimilate Concentrations and Overwinteringcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Fructans are one component of WSC, which are present in both cool and warm-season grasses [45]. ESC is a measurement of the same assimilates that are in WSC with the exception of fructans.…”

Section: Assimilate Concentrations and Overwinteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Rhizome Composition and Overwintering Ability in Perennial Sorghum spp. Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)

Washburn

Murray

et al. 2013

Bioenerg. Res.

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“…The lack of phosphorylated substrate causes a retarded glycolysis in spite of Numerous studies provide direct or indirect evidence linking fructan metabolism to environmental stress (Archbold, 1938;Hendry, 1987;Pollock & Cairns, 1991). The relationship between fructans and the response of plants to low temperature has often been described (Wagner, Wiemken & Matile, 1986;Tognetti et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructan content of wheat seedlings(Triticum aestivumL.) under hypoxia and following re‐aeration

et al. 1993

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SUMMARYWe studied fructan accumulation in wheat seedlings {Triticum aestivum L. cv, Alcedo) caused by oxygen shortage around the root. Plants were cultivated in either nitrogen-Hushed or aerated nutrient solution. In response to the nitrogen treatment there was an accumulation of soluble carbohydrates in shoots as well as in roots. The main contribution was due to fructans. The content of fructo-oligosaccharides had been increased five-fold in the roots and seven-fold in the shoots. This is incompatible with the assumption that higher substrate consumption follows enhanced fermentation under oxygen shortage. Re-aeration of the nitrogen-fiushed nutrient solution resulted in enhanced consumption of stored carbohydrates, mainly of fructans, accompanied by high growth rates of the roots. The possibility of utilizing fructans quickly if oxygen is available is a possible advantage for plants adapted to hypoxia. Particularly however, it is suggested that the low energy requirements for sucrose: sucrose fructosyltransferase, allowing fructan synthesis even under oxygen shortage, may improve the fitness of plants to survive temporary hypoxia in the rhizosphere.

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“…Variações sazonais no conteúdo e na composição de frutanos têm sido relatadas para diversas espécies, incluindo Helianthus tuberosus (Bacon & Loxley 1952), Cichorium intybus (Bhatia et al 1974) e forrageiras e cereais (Pollock & Cairns 1991) de regiões temperadas e para algumas espécies tropicais do cerrado, como Viguiera discolor (Isejima & Figueiredo-Ribeiro 1993), Gomphrena macrocephala (Vieira & FigueiredoRibeiro 1993) e Vernonia herbacea (Carvalho & Dietrich 1993). No inverno, quando as partes aéreas das plantas de V. herbacea senescem, o conteúdo de inulina aumenta, chegando a representar 80% da massa seca dos seus rizóforos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Crescimento e conteúdo de frutanos em plantas de Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby submetidas à adubação nitrogenada

et al. 2003

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-(Growth and fructan contents in plants of Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby cultivated under nitrogen supply). Plants of V. herbacea accumulate high amounts of fructans of the inulin type in the underground organs, named rhizophores. The effect of different concentrations of nitrogen, 6, 12 and 24 kg N.ha -1 supplied as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 on plant growth and fructan accumulation was investigated in plants obtained from rhizophore fragments and cultivated in a cerrado area. Young, six-month-old plants, showed lower amounts of fructans and increases in height, leaf area, dry mass of the aerial organs and rhizophores with increasing concentrations of nitrogen. After 12 months, growth was estimulated only in plants receiving 6 to 12 kg N.ha -1 . The data showed that in young plants fructan content is negatively correlated to growth and to increasing nitrogen concentrations. On the contrary, plants with 12 months treated with 24 kg N.ha -1 accumulated 6.0 g fructan per plant while in control plants, not treated with supplementary N, this value was only 3.5 g. These results indicate that the 24 kg N.ha -1 concentration is recomended for fructan production in plants with 12 months.Key words -Asteraceae, cerrado, fructan, inulin, plant growth RESUMO -(Crescimento e conteúdo de frutanos em plantas de Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby submetidas à adubação nitrogenada). Vernonia herbacea acumula altas concentrações de frutanos do tipo inulina em seus órgãos subterrâneos de reserva, denominados rizóforos. Foi estudada a influência da adubação nitrogenada no crescimento dessa espécie e na produção de frutanos. Plantas obtidas a partir de fragmentos de rizóforos foram cultivadas em área de cerrado onde receberam três doses de nitrogênio: 6, 12 e 24 kg N.ha -1 na forma de (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 . Plantas jovens, com seis meses de idade, mostraram aumento em altura, área foliar e massa seca da parte aérea e dos rizóforos em resposta ao aumento da dose de nitrogênio. Por outro lado, o teor de frutanos decresceu com o aumento da concentração do nitrogênio. Após doze meses de cultivo, o crescimento das plantas foi estimulado apenas nas doses entre 6 e 12 kg.ha -1 de nitrogênio. Os resultados mostraram, também, que o teor de frutanos em plantas jovens está correlacionado negativamente tanto ao crescimento quanto às concentrações crescentes de nitrogênio. Já as plantas tratadas com 24 kg N.ha -1 chegaram a acumular 6,0 g de frutanos por planta, enquanto nas plantas controle, que não receberam N suplementar, esse valor foi de 3,5 g. Assim, aplicação de 24 kg N.ha -1 é recomendada para uma colheita antecipada (12 meses) visando à produção de frutanos.Palavras-chave -Asteraceae, cerrado, frutano, inulina, crescimento vegetal IntroduçãoA baixa fertilidade e a deficiência hídrica do solo encontram-se entre os principais fatores limitantes da produtividade vegetal (Haridasan et al. 1997). Estudos sobre fertilidade do solo são amplamente documentados para espécies cultivadas (Marschner 1995), porém são escassas as informações a respeito das exi...

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Fructan Metabolism in Grasses and Cereals

Cited by 436 publications

References 32 publications

Estimation of Rhizome Composition and Overwintering Ability in Perennial Sorghum spp. Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)

Estimation of Rhizome Composition and Overwintering Ability in Perennial Sorghum spp. Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)

Fructan content of wheat seedlings(Triticum aestivumL.) under hypoxia and following re‐aeration

Crescimento e conteúdo de frutanos em plantas de Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby submetidas à adubação nitrogenada

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