From “Thrifty Genotype” to “Hefty Fetal Phenotype”: The Relationship Between High Birthweight and Diabetes in Saskatchewan Registered Indians

Dyck, Roland; Klomp, Helena; Tan, Leonard

doi:10.1007/bf03404975

Cited by 71 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The intrauterine environment may be important, as there is evidence of higher rates of type 2 diabetes in offspring of mothers who develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (60). Amongst Pima Indians, the strongest risk factor of developing type 2 diabetes in those aged 5–19 yr was exposure to diabetes in utero (61).…”

Section: Factors Associated With the Development Of Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of childhood type 2 diabetes in the developing world

2004

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Type 2 diabetes in the young is an increasing problem with potentially serious outcomes. Our understanding of the worldwide burden of this condition is incomplete, with many studies adopting different methodologies to assess the condition and reporting on specific communities or ethnic groups. Most of the data come from developed nations, with few studies from developing nations. The purpose of this review is to bring together the available data on type 2 diabetes in the young from the developing world, in order to highlight deficiencies in the knowledge of the condition and also to promote strategies to deal with it. Noted also are some of the factors associated with the condition, such as family history, genetic influences, intrauterine environment as well as the importance of birth weight, insulin resistance, obesity, and development of complications. These are of relevance in both developed and developing nations.

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Section: Factors Associated With the Development Of Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of childhood type 2 diabetes in the developing world

2004

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“…This has been associated with an increase in smoking prevalence, a decrease in body mass index (BMI) in young women and aggressive management of weight gain in pregnancy 2,4 . Recently, LBW has been considered an independent risk factor for diabetes in studies from Europe and the USA 5-10 , but data from Asia are limited [11][12][13] . The nature of the association between BW and diabetes was controversial because of ethnic differences and methodological differences in the statistical approach [5][6][7][8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of birthweight with diabetes and insulin sensitivity or secretion in the Japanese general population

Oya

Nakagami

Kurita

et al. 2015

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/IntroductionLow birthweight (birthweight <2,500 g) has been considered to be a risk factor for diabetes in data from Western countries, and its percentage is increasing in Japan. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between birth weight and diabetes, as well as both insulin resistance and secretion.Materials and MethodsThe participants were 847 adults who underwent health check-ups. The participants were divided by birthweight into four groups (low birthweight and tertiles 1–3 above it). We assessed the effect of birthweight on diabetes using a logistic regression model. Multivariable liner regression analyses were carried out to examine whether birthweight is independently associated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and β-cell function.ResultsThe prevalence of diabetes tended to increase with decreasing birthweight. The adjusted odds ratio for diabetes with low birthweight was 3.52 (1.04–11.96) as compared with the reference category, tertile 2. Univariable linear regression analyses showed that homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was negatively associated with birthweight, and this association remained after adjusting for age, sex, current body mass index and family history of diabetes. There was no significant association between homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function and birthweight.ConclusionsLow birthweight was inversely associated with diabetes and insulin resistance in the Japanese general population. Longitudinal data analyses are required to examine the causal relationship between bodyweight and diabetes or insulin resistance in adulthood.

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“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] Similarly, being born large for gestational age has been linked with adverse cardiovascular consequences. 10,14,15 However, in studies carried out on representative population-based samples, mixed findings have been reported for associations of birth weight and postnatal weight gain with lipid profiles [16][17][18][19] and with BP 16,[20][21][22][23] in children. Substantial heterogeneity between studies, namely, with regard to the inclusion of participants with birth weights at the lower and upper extremes of the distribution, may in part explain contrasting findings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Weight, Postnatal Weight Gain, and Childhood Adiposity in Relation to Lipid Profile and Blood Pressure During Early Adolescence

Hulst

Barnett

Paradis

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundDifferent pathways likely underlie the association between early weight gain and cardiovascular disease risk. We examined whether birth weight for length relationship and weight gain up to 2 years of age are associated with lipid profiles and blood pressure (BP) in early adolescence and determined whether childhood adiposity mediates these associations.Methods and ResultsData from QUALITY (Quebec Adipose and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth), a cohort of white children with parental history of obesity, were analyzed (n=395). Sex‐specific weight for length z scores from birth to 2 years were computed. Rate of postnatal weight gain was estimated using individual slopes of weight for length z‐score measurements. Percentage of body fat was measured at 8 to 10 years. Fasting lipids and BP were measured at 10 to 12 years. Using path analysis, we found indirect effects of postnatal weight gain, through childhood adiposity, on all outcomes: Rate of postnatal weight for length gain was positively associated with childhood adiposity, which in turn was associated with unfavorable lipid and BP levels in early adolescence. In contrast, small beneficial direct effects on diastolic BP z scores, independent of weight at other time points, were found for birth weight for length (β=−0.05, 95% CI, −0.09 to −0.002) and for postnatal weight gain (β=−0.02, 95% CI, −0.03 to −0.002).ConclusionsAmong children with at least 1 obese parent, faster postnatal weight gain leads to cardiovascular risk factors in early adolescence through its effect on childhood adiposity. Although heavier newborns may have lower BP in early adolescence, this protective direct effect could be offset by a deleterious indirect effect linking birth weight to later adiposity.

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From “Thrifty Genotype” to “Hefty Fetal Phenotype”: The Relationship Between High Birthweight and Diabetes in Saskatchewan Registered Indians

Cited by 71 publications

References 35 publications

Epidemiology of childhood type 2 diabetes in the developing world

Epidemiology of childhood type 2 diabetes in the developing world

Association of birthweight with diabetes and insulin sensitivity or secretion in the Japanese general population

Birth Weight, Postnatal Weight Gain, and Childhood Adiposity in Relation to Lipid Profile and Blood Pressure During Early Adolescence

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