From authoritarian policing to democratic policing: a case study of Taiwan

Cao, Liqun; Huang, Li; Sun, Ivan Y.

doi:10.1080/10439463.2015.1009370

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, this approach to policing reflected more an authoritarian nature of the state, even in the most democratic country (Cao et al, 2016).…”

Section: Theoretical Conversationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking into the History of Recent Police Reforms in the USA: Critical Insights, Learning and Implications

Afrin¹

2022

JGAR

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The police force in the United States of America (USA) has been controversial for their execution of force and actions. This paper reviews the historical account of police reforms in the USA. The review illustrates various issues and dynamics of five significant eras of police reforms – the political era, the reform era, the community policing era, the homeland security era, and the current context. The review generates several vital insights. The concurrent socio-political factors highly influenced the police reforms initiatives. The paradigm shifts of policing towards militarization transformed the psychology of policing towards the use of excessive force. Police brutality has become part of the policing norm, and racial biases continues to shape the reform ideas. Emerging evidence shows that community policing has failed to deliver its intended outcomes, and the homeland security efforts are complicated by various local and global political factors. The evaluation of the current context informs that racial discrimination, lack of community engagement, austerity in funding, inadequate data, and excessive militarization of the police force will shape the future course of the reforms. Future interventions must be informed by adequate research and coherent ideas. This review provides policymakers and practitioners with insights into the complexity of police reforms. Abstrak Kepolisian di Amerika Serikat (AS) telah menjadi kontroversial untuk pelaksanaan kekuatan dan tindakan mereka. Makalah ini mengulas catatan sejarah reformasi kepolisian di Amerika Serikat. Tinjauan tersebut menggambarkan berbagai isu dan dinamika lima era reformasi kepolisian yang signifikan – era politik, era reformasi, era pemolisian masyarakat, era keamanan dalam negeri, dan konteks saat ini. Tinjauan ini menghasilkan beberapa wawasan penting. Faktor sosial politik yang bersamaan sangat mempengaruhi inisiatif reformasi kepolisian. Pergeseran paradigma kepolisian ke arah militerisasi mengubah psikologi kepolisian ke arah penggunaan kekuatan yang berlebihan. Kebrutalan polisi telah menjadi bagian dari norma kepolisian, dan bias rasial terus membentuk gagasan reformasi. Bukti yang muncul menunjukkan bahwa perpolisian masyarakat telah gagal memberikan hasil yang diharapkan, dan upaya keamanan dalam negeri diperumit oleh berbagai faktor politik lokal dan global. Evaluasi konteks saat ini menginformasikan bahwa diskriminasi rasial, kurangnya keterlibatan masyarakat, penghematan dana, data yang tidak memadai, dan militerisasi kepolisian yang berlebihan akan membentuk arah reformasi di masa depan. Intervensi masa depan harus diinformasikan oleh penelitian yang memadai dan ide-ide yang koheren. Tinjauan ini memberikan para pembuat kebijakan dan praktisi wawasan tentang kompleksitas reformasi kepolisian.

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“…Therefore, this approach to policing reflected more an authoritarian nature of the state, even in the most democratic country (Cao et al, 2016).…”

Section: Theoretical Conversationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking into the History of Recent Police Reforms in the USA: Critical Insights, Learning and Implications

Afrin¹

2022

JGAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the historical context of anti-Communist and the social context of police state (so called White Terror ) (see Phillips, 2003), law enforcement agencies wielded greater discretion in encounters with citizens which often lead to warrantless searches and arrests, as well as the public’s increasingly hostile attitude towards the police. As Taiwan is moving toward a democratic political identity in the post-martial law period, authoritarian-oriented approaches were curtailed and police discretion has been regulated by legislation (Cao et al, 2016). In a newly burgeoning democratic Taiwan, citizens gained the right to campaign and participate political activities through a representative system, and people became free to organize political parties (see, e.g., the formation of the largest opposition party of the time—Democratic Progressive Party or DPP) or not to join the ruling party (Kuomington or KMT) of the time without concerning consequences (Wang et al, 2020).…”

Section: National and Local Law Enforcement Agencies In Democratic Tamentioning

confidence: 99%

Collaboration between Law Enforcement Agencies in Combating Cybercrime: Implications of a Taiwanese Case Study about ATM Hacking

Wang

Hsieh

Chang

et al. 2020

Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol

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An increasing number of cybercrimes has presented new global challenges to law enforcement agencies that traditionally operate within designated geographical jurisdictions and patrol territories. The borderless nature of cyberspace has brought substantial opportunities—both legal and illegal—to its users, and many local law enforcement agencies have encountered motivated offenders taking advantage of the globally connected Internet and causing damage locally and transnationally. This study examines a high-profile case of European criminals who hacked into a Taiwanese financial institution—First Commercial Bank (FCB)—and programmed its ATMs to “spit out” cash netting the thieves $2.6 million US dollars in 2016 summer. Before the incident of FCB, this European criminal group committed more than a hundred similar ATMs hackings, victimizing dozens of financial institutions across several European countries, and profiting over one billion Euros. FCB is the only case revealing specific details about the modus operandi of ATM hacking thus far, in addition to disclosing reactions from law enforcement. By analyzing qualitative data collected from different branches of law enforcement involved in the investigations, this unique case study underscores the importance of national-local law enforcement collaboration in fighting transnational cybercrime. Empirical implications are particularly valuable in the law enforcement context of “turf jealousies” when defending homeland security.

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“…Community policing was a strategy developed from Anglo-Saxon democracies to strengthen the mutual trust and thus secure partnership between police and citizens for more effective crime prevention. It has had vigorous scholarly debates if this initiative is applicable to the non-electoral democratic context, and there are also studies examining how its implementation was adapted to various cultural contexts when It was adopted by leaders in different regimes as a police legitimisation strategy (Brogden & Nijhar, 2013; Cao et al, 2014; Casey, 2010; Cordner, 2014; Davis et al, 2003; Fielding, 2005; Frühling, 2007; Schärf, 2001). Under the British administration, the colonial Hong Kong government and its Royal Hong Kong Police Force (RHKP) introduced a series of policing reforms since the 1970s that were said to be modelled from community policing (Ho, 2020, 2021; Lo & Cheuk, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating ‘good citizens’ through community policing: A study of youth police club in the colonial Hong Kong

Wan

2022

Chinese Public Administration Review

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This study examined the implementation of community policing in Hong Kong with reference from the evolution of the police youth club: Junior Police Call (JPC) programme which targetted the student population. The JPC was established in the 1970s and widely regarded as a very successful community policing initiative of the Royal Hong Kong Police (RHKP) to re-legitimise itself after the territory-wide social confrontation in 1966 and 1967. We analysed the reflection from JPC administrators and participants in a police district with a large school children population, to explore the strategy adopted by the police authorities to practice this community policing programme uncommon in colonial policing. Our study found the police strategically resocialized the youth with the collaboration with schoolteachers and local elites. However, the successful creation of ‘good citizens’ was still overshadowed by her concern for the emergence of social consciousness that might delegitimize the colonial governance.

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From authoritarian policing to democratic policing: a case study of Taiwan

Cited by 21 publications

References 50 publications

Looking into the History of Recent Police Reforms in the USA: Critical Insights, Learning and Implications

Looking into the History of Recent Police Reforms in the USA: Critical Insights, Learning and Implications

Collaboration between Law Enforcement Agencies in Combating Cybercrime: Implications of a Taiwanese Case Study about ATM Hacking

Creating ‘good citizens’ through community policing: A study of youth police club in the colonial Hong Kong

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