Free radical scavenging activity of propolis

Abstract

We investigated the radical scavenging activity of propolis by ESR spectroscopy using spin trapping method. In addition, we examined the influence of a diet of 2% propolis on mice under oxidative stress. At low concentrations, the methanolic extract of propolis exhibited strong scavenging activity in vitro towards both the superoxide anion radical, generated by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction, and the NO radical, generated from the mixture of NOC-7 (NO generator) and carboxy-PTIO (spin trapping agent). An inhibitory effect of propolis on lipid peroxidation in vivo was observed, as determined by measurement of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in mouse liver homogenate. The level of vitamin C in the brain of mice under oxidative stress significantly increased compared with control mice under atmosphere, which was not observed in the mice given 2% propolis. The level of alpha-tocopherol in the brain of mice given 2% propolis significantly increased compared with control mice under atmosphere, which was not observed in mice under oxidative stress. SOD activity in the brain and plasma of mice given 2% propolis significantly decreased under atmosphere and oxidative stress compared with control mice. These results suggest that propolis possesses potent antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo.

Mechanisms of action underlying the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of propolis: a brief review

“…The ethanol extract of propolis has shown dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects in models of carrageenan-induced paw edema, Freund's adjuvantinduced arthritis and foreign body-induced granuloma, effects on vascular permeability, and analgesic activity (Park et al, 1996). Additionally to its regenerative capacity, free radical scavenging is the main anti-inflammatory mechanism attributed to the ethanol extract of propolis (Krol et al, 1996;Pascual et al, 1994;Ichikawa et al, 2002).…”

Effecs of Cypermethrin on Some Biochemical Changes in Rats: The Protective Role of Propolis

“…Propolis is a biological material collected by bees from various plants. The mechanism underlying the antioxidant effect of propolis is its high content of flavonoids which scavenge free radicals [2,19,21,29,37,38].…”

Propolis Potential Toward the Amount of Limphoblast and Spleen Diameter of Male Mice (Mus musculus)

“…Propolis has a composition very complex substance and consists of over 300 components including aldehydes, polyphenols, sequiterpene quinines coumarins, steroids, amino acids, and inorganic compounds [8,9]. Propolis has potential as an antioxidant that can maintain cellular Gluthatione (GSH) and the integrity biomembrane [1]. A discussion of propolis in overcoming the disease cannot be separated from the body's immune system because it is important to the effort of defending itself against the entry of pathogens such as by the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes into cells that resist pathogen agent [10][11][12].…”

“…Realizing the importance of the body's defense system, the veterinary world always tries to learn different ways to increase the immune system response by giving some stimulus or an immune stimulant to overcome some infectious diseases in animals VMIC 2017 [1]. Propolis is one of them.…”