Fracture Fixation

Abstract

The basic goal of fracture fixation is to stabilize the fractured bone, to enable fast healing of the injured bone, and to return early mobility and full function of the injured extremity. Fractures can be treated conservatively or with external and internal fixation. Conservative fracture treatment consists of closed reduction to restore the bone alignment. Subsequent stabilization is then achieved with traction or external splinting by slings, splints, or casts. Braces are used to limit range of motion of a joint. External fixators provide fracture fixation based on the principle of splinting. There are three basic types of external fixators: standard uniplanar fixator, ring fixator, and hybrid fixator. The numerous devices used for internal fixation are roughly divided into a few major categories: wires, pins and screws, plates, and intramedullary nails or rods. Staples and clamps are also used occasionally for osteotomy or fracture fixation. Autogenous bone grafts, allografts, and bone graft substitutes are frequently used for the treatment of bone defects of various causes. For infected fractures as well as for treatment of bone infections, antibiotic beads are frequently used.

Elementos De Osteosintesis De Uso Habitual en Fracturas Del Esqueleto Apendicular: Evaluacion Radiologica

“…Evita el trauma quirúrgico, preservando el flujo vascular (4,5) . Consisten de alambres o agujas colocados en el hueso por encima y debajo del foco de fractura y unidos entre sí por barras verticales.…”

“…Las complicaciones de todos estos sistemas incluyen infección del trayecto de la púa, aflojamiento de éste, secuestros en anillo y rotación de los fragmentos (4,(6)(7)(8) .…”

“…Es necesario que el aparato constituya un todo con el hueso dañado para resistir el estrés de la actividad fisiológica. Actúan basados en los principios biomecánicos de la compresión fragmentaria, el puente y la inmovilización interna (4,5) . La compresión fragmentaria mantiene unidos mecánicamente los fragmentos y puede ser estática o dinámica.…”

Evaluation of the first experience of intramedullary nail lengthening using PRECICE® in a South African limb lengthening and reconstruction unit

“…Various stabilisation methods exist including external fixation, internal lengthening devices and a combined approach. 1 External fixation techniques like the Ilizarov Method have been the gold standard for limb lengthening. 2 Although external fixation devices have numerous benefits and are widely used, it is associated with various complications like pin tract infection, joint contractures and neurovascular impalement.…”

“…[11][12][13][14] The ILNs are implanted into the intramedullary canal of long bones, and nail distraction then causes bone lengthening through distraction osteogenesis. 1,11 High complication rates were previously reported with the ILNs and they tend to lack a dependable mechanism to monitor and control distraction. [15][16][17] A new ILN system, the PRECICE ® Limb Lengthening System (Ellipse Technologies, California, USA), has recently been FDAapproved for clinical use.…”