“…In addition to this, weld region is prone to have porosities and oxides as described in Figures 18(a) and (b) respectively. [82][83][84]…”
Section: Weld Fracturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to this, weld region is prone to have porosities and oxides as described in Figures 18(a) and (b) respectively. 82–84 Figure 18.(a) Overview of the welded sample after metallurgical sample preparation and etching; (b) Porosities in weld region; (c) Oxides (Iron oxide) at weld region.…”
Fracture is one of the failure modes of a material or product which may occur during its manufacturing process or its usage. Fractography is the science and art of examination and analysis of the fractured surface. Texture and nature of the fractured surface provide valuable information on origin of a crack and crack propagation; thereby, it helps to understand the mechanism of fracture and facilitate to identify the likely causes of failure. This review covers an extensive study on various types of fractures of steel cord and bead wire which are primarily used in rubber composites viz tyre, conveyor belt etc. Different types of fractures studied include ductile, central burst, brittle, fatigue, torsion, corrosion, delamination and weld fractures. Fundamentals on specific characteristics of each type of fracture and their likely causes have been elaborately discussed Microscopic examination through scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides deeper insights of the fractured surface as well as microstructure of material. In addition to the fundamental aspects of fractures, examples of different types of fractured samples have been illustrated in this article. This focused review would be useful to the steel cord and bead wire manufactures as well as to tyre manufacturers for detailed failure investigation of material/product and thereby to take appropriate corrective measures.
“…In addition to this, weld region is prone to have porosities and oxides as described in Figures 18(a) and (b) respectively. [82][83][84]…”
Section: Weld Fracturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to this, weld region is prone to have porosities and oxides as described in Figures 18(a) and (b) respectively. 82–84 Figure 18.(a) Overview of the welded sample after metallurgical sample preparation and etching; (b) Porosities in weld region; (c) Oxides (Iron oxide) at weld region.…”
Fracture is one of the failure modes of a material or product which may occur during its manufacturing process or its usage. Fractography is the science and art of examination and analysis of the fractured surface. Texture and nature of the fractured surface provide valuable information on origin of a crack and crack propagation; thereby, it helps to understand the mechanism of fracture and facilitate to identify the likely causes of failure. This review covers an extensive study on various types of fractures of steel cord and bead wire which are primarily used in rubber composites viz tyre, conveyor belt etc. Different types of fractures studied include ductile, central burst, brittle, fatigue, torsion, corrosion, delamination and weld fractures. Fundamentals on specific characteristics of each type of fracture and their likely causes have been elaborately discussed Microscopic examination through scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides deeper insights of the fractured surface as well as microstructure of material. In addition to the fundamental aspects of fractures, examples of different types of fractured samples have been illustrated in this article. This focused review would be useful to the steel cord and bead wire manufactures as well as to tyre manufacturers for detailed failure investigation of material/product and thereby to take appropriate corrective measures.
“…Once the samples reached failure, the fracture surfaces were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Frediel, 1995;as cited in ASM, 1992 (Hertzberg, 1995), (Pippian et al, 2010 (Zheng et al, 2014 The test was stopped, and the sample was considered to possess an "infinite fatigue life" whenever the trials reached 10,000,000 cycles. Also, for strain levels below the endurance limit, no separation was encountered.…”
Section: In This Investigation a Series Of Fatigue Tests On Samples mentioning
“…However, the surface condition and nature of residual stresses at the hole to consider their effects on the overall cracking behaviour in microscale have been incorporated. In addition to the hole, the microstructure of steel also plays an important role in crack initiation and propagation during cyclic loading [9][10][11][12]. The yield strength, which is a function of steel microstructural features like grain size, second phase particles or precipitates etc, influences the fatigue property of the steel.…”
The performance of ferrite-martensite (DP 600) and ferrite-pearlite (SPFH 590) steels with a similar tensile strength of ∼650 MPa under cyclic loading was investigated. This work presents the high cycle fatigue properties of DP 600 and SPFH 590 steel in the presence and absence of a hole. In presence of the hole, the fatigue strength for both the steels drops significantly, with drop being more for SPFH 590 steel. While the fatigue strength in absence of a hole is a strong function of yield strength of material, the behaviour in presence of the hole depends on the steel microstructure. The presence of martensite in case of DP 600 steel delayed the crack propagation by branching and crack tip blunting. Additionally, martensite also increases the local strain, low angle grain boundary and dislocation density ahead of the crack tip, resulting in an increased amount of plastic deformation and blunting of the crack tip.
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