Fractionation and α-glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Fractions from Garcinia hombroniana Pierre Leaves Extracts

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus become one of the biggest global health problems of the 21st century. Type 2 diabetes play role for the majority of cases of diabetes worldwide which is characterized by the increase of postprandial blood glucose level. Maintaining postprandial glucose level through inhibition of α-glucosidase is one of the essential strategies in the treatment of diabetes. Inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase was commonly used to identify active compounds potentially to treat diabetes. Natural resources have potency as antidiabetic that can be used in diabetes treatment. Objective: The objective of the study is to separate active fraction in the crude extract of Garcinia hombroniana leaves to facilitate obtaining a pure biologically active compound as the α-glucosidase inhibitor. Methods: Fractionation to separate active fraction was performed using column and thin layer chromatography methods while α-glucosidase inhibitory activity assay was performed in vitro using spectrophotometric methods at λ 400 nm. Results: Ethyl acetate and methanol extract of G. hombroniana yielded 14 and 12 fractions, respectively. Two fractions with the higher percent inhibition compared to other factions are fraction 8 from ethyl acetate extract (FEA8) and fraction 3 from methanol extract (FM3). The IC 50 values of FEA8, FM3 and acarbose are 16.370 μg/mL, 59.042 μg/mL, and 39.534 μg/mL respectively. Conclusion: Fraction 8 from ethyl acetate extract of G. hombroniana leaves (FEA8) was separated and known in this study as the most bioactive α-glucosidase inhibitor agent compared with another extract, fractions, and acarbose.

Phytochemical profile and diverse pharmacology of Garcinia celebica L

“…The inhibition of the extract towards α-glucosidase was considerably higher than that of the control acarbose [ 24 ]. Another similar finding was also noted in a study conducted by Triadisti et al (2017), where the ethyl acetate and methanol fractions exhibited good inhibitory activity toward α-glucosidase activity [ 50 ]. However, the ethyl acetate fraction (IC 50 of 16.4 μg/mL) was shown to display stronger α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than the methanol fraction (IC 50 of 59 μg/mL) and acarbose (39.5 μg/mL) [ 50 ].…”

“…Another similar finding was also noted in a study conducted by Triadisti et al (2017), where the ethyl acetate and methanol fractions exhibited good inhibitory activity toward α-glucosidase activity [ 50 ]. However, the ethyl acetate fraction (IC 50 of 16.4 μg/mL) was shown to display stronger α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than the methanol fraction (IC 50 of 59 μg/mL) and acarbose (39.5 μg/mL) [ 50 ]. To our knowledge, the availability of antidiabetic reports was very limited and not yet studied on cell lines and animal models.…”

The Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Properties and Phytochemical Profile of Clusia latipes Extracts

“…The ranges of antioxidant capacity obtained are within similar ranges to other species of the same family, both for DPPH and ABTS [28][29][30][31] . Likewise, F-EtOAc leaf fractions had α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, similar to other species in the Clusiaceae family 29,[32][33][34] . Flavonoids and xanthones have been isolated from some species of the Clusiaceae family [34][35][36][37][38] .…”

In Vitro Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and the Isolation of Luteolin from the Flower of Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch. Bip ex Walp.

“…Alpha-glucosidase inhibition was assessed using the adopted method with slight modifications [ 27 ]. Phosphate buffer solution (36 μL), a sample solution with different concentrations (30 mL), and pNPG substrate with 6 mM concentration (17 μL) were successively added to 96 microplate wells.…”