Formulasi dan evaluasi SNEDDS (Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System) ekstrak daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) sebagai analgesik

Abstract

Background: SNEDDS was chosen because of the ability to increase the absorption of drugs with low water solubility such as active substances derived from plant extraction. Objectives: This study aimed to create an innovative dosage by utilizing new drug delivery systems in the form of SNEDDS (Self Nano-emulsifying Drug Delivery System) using the active substances of papaya leaf extract (Carica Papaya L.) that is efficacious as an anti-inflammatory. Methods: SNEDDS of Papaya (Carica papaya extract L.) was prepared through the high-energy method. Dried papaya leaves were macerated using 96% ethanol, and the extract was then evaporated using a rotary evaporator to obtain viscous extract. Four formulations of SNEDDS were produced with isopropyl myristate as the oil phase, PEG 400 as the surfactant, and tween 80 as the co-surfactant. The evaluation included particle size, % transmittance, and freeze-thaw cycles. In vivo SNEDDS antiinflammatory activity was tested in balb-c mice induced with 1% acetic acid and then compared with mefenamic acid (NSAIDs). Results: The test results showed that all of the formulations had a particle size of <200nm and >90% transmittance. The SNEDDS anti-inflammatory activity test in vivo indicated that the percent inhibition of pain in SNEDDS of papaya leaf extract reached 94.55%. Conclusion:The SNEDDS formula of papaya leaf extract marked by F4 could fulfill the criteria of good stability parameters with the smallest particle size of 77.1 nm. The percent of pain inhibition of SNEDDS papaya leaf extract in balb-c mice induced by acetic acid was 94.55%.

Formulasi dan Uji Karakteristik Self –Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) Ekstrak Etanol Sponge Xestospongia sp. Menggunakan Tween 80 Sebagai Surfaktan

“…Selain itu terdapat 4 formula yang tetap stabil yaitu F5, F6, F7, dan F8. Semakin besar kemampuan surfaktan dan ko-surfaktan dalam mengurangi tegangan antar muka maka akan semakin membentuk nanoemulsi yang stabil 13 .Pengujian Heating-cooling cycle dilakukan untuk menunjukkan efek ketahanan terhadap pemanasan dan pendinginan pada stabilitas nanoemulsi. Pengujian ini dilakukan selama 6 siklus dengan menggunakan suhu 4°C dan 40°C dengan lama penyimpanan selama 48 jam 14 .…”

“…Pemisahan fase ini dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan surfaktan dan ko-surfaktan dalam menurunkan tegangan permukaan emulsi antara fase minyak dan fase air. Semakin besar kemampuan surfaktan dan ko-surfaktan dalam mengurangi tegangan antarmuka maka akan semakin membentuk nanoemulsi yang stabil 13 .…”

Optimization and Physical Characterization of Quercetin Nanoemulgel Formula as an Antibacterial Agent

“…Nanoemulsion is a thermodynamically stable emulsion preparation that undergoes a transparent dispersion derived from oil and water. The nanoemulsion preparation is stabilized by an interfacial film of surfactant molecules with droplet sizes ranging from 20-200 nm [11]. In addition, nanoemulgels reduce the total dose and side effects because they form a non-toxic and non-irritating carrier for skin and mucous membrane delivery and control of release by permeation of the drug through a liquid film, whose hydrophilicity or lipophilicity, as well as thickness, can be controlled precisely [12].…”

Formulation of self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) Red Ginger extract (Zingiber Officinale var. rubrum)

“…Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) is a formulation made up of oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant in the proper proportions to form a stable isotropic combination (Nugroho & Sari, 2018). SNEDDS employs a nano-particle technology to improve medication absorption and bioavailability in the body, particularly for medicines with limited water solubility (Nugroho et al, 2017).…”