Formation of pollution particulate nitrogen compounds by NO-soot and NH3-soot gas-particle surface reactions

Chang, Shuenn‐Yih; Novakov, T.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(75)90109-2

Cited by 76 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This means an acid−base reaction instead of an exchange/displacement reaction should mainly take place between TMA and NH 4 HSO 4 . At the same time, this , which is in agreement with our previous work in which no gas-phase NH 3 was detected by a mass spectrometer, and the transformation from HSO 4 − to SO 4 2− was observed using an in situ Raman spectrometer when NH 4 HSO 4 was exposed to MA. 53 It should be noted that protonated TMA ((CH 3 ) 3 NH + ) was formed on all of these ammonium salts as both 1486 and 985 cm −1 bands were present in the corresponding IR spectra.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The exchange reaction was also observed when NH 4 NO 3 and NH 4 Cl were individually exposed to TMA. The IR spectra are shown in Figure 2 after the ammonium salts reacted with TMA had been further purged with dry zero air for 2 h. The peaks attributed to −CH 3 (1486 cm −1 , δ(CH 3 ); 1289 cm −1 , 1230 and 985 cm −1 , ρ(CH 3 )), NC 3 groups (816 cm −1 , 2δ(NC 3 )) and the overtone/combination bands of − CH 3 and NC 3 groups in the range of 2300−2700 cm −1 were also observable.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…When NH 4 HSO 4 was exposed to TMA, the negative peaks attributed to NH 4 + were very weak, whereas the typical absorbance bands of TMA increased significantly. Additionally, a new peak centered at 1080 cm −1 due to v s (SO 4 2− ) 50 increased, which means TMA had reacted with NH 4 HSO 4 and existed on the crystal.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As shown in Figure 2, frequency shifts were observed for several IR bands of the exchanged TMA on different ammonium substrates. For example, the 2δ as (NC 3 ) band shifted from 845 cm −148 on (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and NH 4 HSO 4 to 816 cm −1 on NH 4 Cl and NH 4 NO 3 . The ρ(CH 3 ) band was observed at 1259 cm −1 accompanied by new unknown bands at 1576 and 2608 cm −1 for TMA-exchanged NH 4 Cl.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…16,21 Heterogeneous uptake of amines by particles also contributes to particle-phase amines. Exchange or substitution reactions between amines and ammonium salts ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , NH 4 HSO 4 , NH 4 NO 3 and NH 4 Cl) have been confirmed using both mass spectrometry 22 and Raman spectrometry. 23,24 The uptake coefficient (γ) of amines on coarse particles of ammonium salts is on the order of 10 −3 −10 −2 , 23,25−27 while it is close to unity with nanoscale ultrafine particles.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Ozonolysis of Trimethylamine Exchanged with Typical Ammonium Salts in the Particle Phase

Chu

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Alkylamines contribute to both new particle formation and brown carbon. The toxicity of particle-phase amines is of great concern in the atmospheric chemistry community. Degradation of particulate amines may lead to secondary products in the particle phase, which are associated with changes in the adverse health impacts of aerosols. In this study, O 3 oxidation of particulate trimethylamine (TMA) formed via heterogeneous uptake of TMA by (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , NH 4 HSO 4 , NH 4 NO 3 and NH 4 Cl, was investigated with in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). HCOOH, HCHO, CH 3 NCH 2 , (CH 3 ) 2 NCHO, CH 3 NO 2 , CH 3 N(OH)CHO, CH 3 NHOH and H 2 O were identified as products on all the substrates based upon IR (one-dimensional IR and two-dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy), quantum chemical calculation and PTR-MS results. A reaction mechanism was proposed to explain the observed products. This work demonstrates that oxidation might be a degradation pathway of particulate amines in the atmosphere. This will aid in understanding the fate of particulate amines formed by nucleation and heterogeneous uptake and their potential health impacts during atmospheric aging.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ozonolysis of Trimethylamine Exchanged with Typical Ammonium Salts in the Particle Phase

Chu

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Reconciling modeled and observed atmospheric deposition of soluble organic nitrogen at coastal locations

Ito

Lin

Penner

2014

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen (N) species from air pollutants is a significant source of exogenous nitrogen in marine ecosystems. Here we use an atmospheric chemical transport model to investigate the supply of soluble organic nitrogen (ON) from anthropogenic sources to the ocean. Comparisons of modeled deposition with observations at coastal and marine locations show good overall agreement for inorganic nitrogen and total soluble nitrogen. However, previous modeling approaches result in significant underestimates of the soluble ON deposition if the model only includes the primary soluble ON and the secondary oxidized ON in gases and aerosols. Our model results suggest that including the secondary reduced ON in aerosols as a source of soluble ON contributes to an improved prediction of the deposition rates (g N m À2 yr À1). The model results show a clear distinction in the vertical distribution of soluble ON in aerosols between different processes from the primary sources and the secondary formation. The model results (excluding the biomass burning and natural emission changes) suggest an increase in soluble ON outflow from atmospheric pollution, in particular from East Asia, to the oceans in the twentieth century. These results highlight the necessity of improving the process-based quantitative understanding of the chemical reactions of inorganic nitrogen species with organics in aerosol and cloud water.

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Speciation of Metals in the Atmosphere

Spokes¹,

Jickells²

2002

Chemical Speciation in the Environment

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Formation of pollution particulate nitrogen compounds by NO-soot and NH3-soot gas-particle surface reactions

Cited by 76 publications

References 17 publications

Ozonolysis of Trimethylamine Exchanged with Typical Ammonium Salts in the Particle Phase

Ozonolysis of Trimethylamine Exchanged with Typical Ammonium Salts in the Particle Phase

Reconciling modeled and observed atmospheric deposition of soluble organic nitrogen at coastal locations

Speciation of Metals in the Atmosphere

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