Speciation of Metals in the Atmosphere

Effectiveness and longevity of a green/food waste derived compost packed column to reduce Cr(VI) contamination in groundwater

“…In the bottom port during the period 43-125 d and in the entire column prior to this period, the ORP was in the 0 to −100 mV range suggesting that other mechanisms including dissimilatory metal reduction were also responsible. Certainly, the reduced oxygen concentration in the column would have favoured solubility of metal ions such as Fe(II) and Mn(II) [25]. Characterisation of the microbial community present can help to confirm the mechanisms operating in the column [26].…”

Study of wet precipitation and its chemical composition in South of Brazil

“…These concentrations were similar to those reported in other studies done in the same area, although the samples were collected differently (Migliavacca et al 2004a). These elements and others which have a major crustal component tend to have a lower solubility, although they show a variable characteristic in the precipitation (Spokes and Jickels 1995). However, the anthropogenic metals tend to show a higher solubility under most of the conditions (Spokes and Jickels 1995), as it is dependent on the type of aerosol and on the pH, important variables controlling solubility.…”

“…Some authors (Spokes and Jickels 1995) These same authors (Spokes and Jickels 1995) suggest that the anthropogenic elements Cu, Pb and Zn are controlled by the adsorption/desorption process, when rain water supplies sorption sites on the active surface.…”

Characterization of wet precipitation by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil

“…Elements such as Cd, Pb and Zn, and to a lesser extent Cu and Ni, originating from anthropogenic sources and scavenging in wet precipitation, are mainly in the dissolved form, especially at a pH <5 [47]. Spoke and Jickels [48] suggested that the anthropogenic elements such as Cu, Pb and Zn are controlled by the process adsorption/desorption. Wet precipitation can be considered an important process for removing elements associated with fine particles.…”