Formation of Highly Productive Agrophytocenoses of Peas and Spring Rapeseed in Trans-Urals

Abstract

In modern conditions, an important reserve for increasing yields and crops is the selection of varieties adapted to the environment. At the same time, there is an increasing need for varieties capable of maximizing the potential for productivity and quality. The purpose of the study is to analyze the ecological plasticity of pea and spring rapeseed varieties to increase the productivity of agrophytocenoses in the Trans-Urals. The studies revealed that in order to increase the productivity of pea and spring rapeseed agrophytocenoses in the conditions of Trans-Urals, high-yield pea varieties Thomas, Aksaisky leafless 55, Zauralsky 3 and Sibur shall be cultivated with a yield of 20.8-24.7 c/ha; spring rapeseed – Avangard, Atlant, Ozorno, 55 Region with the yield of 19.3-22.8 c/ha. High-intensity pea varieties include Aksaisky leafless 55, Zauralsky 3, Ulyanovets and Flagman 12 with the plasticity index of 1.1-1.2, spring rapeseed – Novik, Ermak, Altair and Mirakel with the plasticity index of 1.1-1.5 and stability equal to 3.5-10.5. The varieties that are poorly responsive to changing external conditions, but with high stable yields include Vatan, Samarius and Sibur pea varieties, spring rapeseed – Ratnik, Pramen, Smilla, Avangard, Atlant and Ozorno varieties.

Stability and Plasticity of Collection Samples of Durum Spring Wheat in the Forest-Steppe Conditions of Ukraine

“…The main task of breeding grain crops is to increase the adaptive potential of newly created varieties while maintaining the achieved yield level [2]. The adaptability of the variety is one of its most important properties; therefore, considerable attention is paid to this trait in breeding programs in most countries of the world [3,4]. The experience of domestic and world breeding testifies to the fact that in the process of creating wheat varieties, the availability of starting material is of decisive importance, which combines productivity with adaptive traits [5,6].…”