Aim. Main goals were to study the Bulgarian samples of winter wheat, to identify sources of disease resistance for further breeding work and to develop high-yielding varieties being adapted to the conditions of Forest-steppe. Methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 1987-2013 in breeding crop rotations of MIW. 1470 Bulgarian samples were the starting material used. Results. The samples M-61-185, 97 / 58-1, 1769-64, 668-2, 49 / 94-168, 301-44-55, 1990 50, 836 / 87-2 were characterized with stabile high resistance to brown rust in combination with yield on the level of adaptive norm; 3324-1, 1919-50, 77 / 83-71, 2579-30-19, 704 / 90-30, 411 / 92-57, 97 / 58-1, Liliia, Milena – to powdery mildew; 1919-50, Liliia, 836 / 87-2, 6532-5, 49 / 94-168, DM-62-44, 835 / 87-44-38, 97 / 58-1 – to Septoria leaf blotch. Genotypes 759-1, 2579-30-19, 836 / 87-2, DM-62- 44, 1919-50 that combine resistance to group of three diseases with complex of traits: winter-hardiness, large grain, productivity, high quality levels and high-yielding; samples with large grain and high quality – 97 / 58-1, MT-17131-87, 71 / 90-1097, 2514-114 are the most valuable for breeders. Based on 2579–30–19 the new winter wheat variety Hospodynia Myronivska has been developed. Conclusions. Bulgarian samples are valuable as a starting material for winter wheat breeding for disease resistance in Forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. Keywords: winter wheat, Bulgarian sample, disease resistance.

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In the ecological conditions of the central part of the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe (The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, NAAS of Ukraine) the influence of growing season conditions (2016-17–2018-19), sowing dates (September 26, October 5, October 16) and different preceding crops (green manure, mustard, soybean, sunflower, corn) on variability of 1000 kernel weight of seventeen modern genotypes of winter wheat was investigated. Under environments of the central part of the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe, significant variability in the trait depending on the factors under study was revealed. Part of sum square for the growing season conditions in the variation of 1000 kernel weight of winter wheat was the most (63.2%). Part of sum square for genotype was 7.0%, for preceding crop it was 4.8%, for sowing dates it was 0.4%. In terms of growing season, the variation in part of sum square was 23.5–30.1% for genotype, 12.7–39.8% for preceding crop, 0.8–6.1% for sowing date, and 2.0–26.5% for interactions between them. During the period of the study, on average for all genotypes, the maximum 1000 kernel weight was obtained after green manure (42.6 g), the least one was after soybean (39.0 g). When changing the sowing dates from September 26 to October 16, it was revealed a general tendency of decrease 1000 kernel weight after the preceding crops mustard, sunflower, corn, and soybean. Significant differences in the response of genotypes under study on the sowing dates after different preceding crops were revealed. The most influence on 1000 kernel weight was established for preceding crops in the variety MIP Darunok and for sowing dates in the variety MIP Vidznaka. There were distinguished the varieties Trudivnytsia myronivska, Balada myronivska, MIP Dniprianka, Avrora myronivska, MIP Darunok which significantly exceeded the standard by 1000 kernel weight on average through the growing season conditions, sowing dates, and preceding crops.

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The results of the investigations of resistance winter common wheat varieties to leaf rust are given. The high resistance to the pathogen manifest varieties that contain resistance genes: Lr9, Lr19, Lr37, Lr42 + Lr24, Lr43 (Lr21 + Lr39) + Lr24, Lr9 + Lr26, Lr10 + Lr24 are ascertained. The genes Lr13, Lr34, Lr37 in combination with other resistance genes provides long-term protection to leaf rust wheat. Winter wheat varieties, created at the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, contain resistance genes Lr23, Lr24, Lr26, Lr34. The varieties Vesta, Snizhana, Demetra are protected by the resistance genes Lr26 + Lr34, variety Zolotokolosa– Lr24 + Lr34, Ekonomka – Lr3 + Lr26, Myronivska storichna – Lr3 + Lr23 + Lr10 + Lr26. The allele Lr34 (+) is contained in varieties: Kryzhynka, Vesta, Snizhana, Volodarka, Demetra, Vdiachna, Pamiati Remesla, Sviatkova, Podolianka, Berehynia myronivska, MIP Dniprianka, and Balada myronivska.  Sustainability is an important element of an integrated system of plant protection against many diseases, and to ensure increased yields it is necessary to create and distribute sustainable varieties that will be an environmentally promising way to develop the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine.

Ìåòà. Ïðîàíàë³çóâàòè ïîãîäí³ óìîâè â ˳ñîñòåïó é Ïîë³ññ³ òà âèÿâèòè ¿õ âïëèâ íà òðèâàë³ñòü îêðåìèõ ïåð³îä³â âåãåòàö³¿ òà âðîaeàéí³ñòü ïøåíèö³ ì'ÿêî¿ îçèìî¿ ó öèõ çîíàõ. Ìåòîäè. Ïîëüîâ³ äîñë³äè çàêëàäàëè ó 2015-2018 ðð. ó çîíàõ ðîçòàøóâàííÿ Ìèðîí³âñüêîãî ³íñòèòóòó ïøåíèö³ ³ìåí³ Â. Ì. Ðåìåñëà ÍÀÀÍ (˳ñîñòåï) òà Íîñ³âñüêî¿ ñåëåêö³éíî-äîñë³äíî¿ ñòàíö³¿ (Ïîë³ññÿ). ѳâáó, ôåíîëîã³÷í³ ñïîñòåðåaeåííÿ òà îáë³êè ïðîâîäèëè â³äïîâ³äíî äî çàãàëüíîïðèéíÿòèõ ìåòîäèê ³ ìåòîäè÷íèõ ðåêîìåíäàö³é ó ñåëåêö³¿ ïøåíèö³ ì'ÿêî¿ îçèìî¿. Äëÿ àíàë³çó ã³äðîòåðì³÷íîãî ðåaeèìó âèêîðèñòîâóâàëè äàí³ ìåòåîðîëîã³÷íèõ ñïîñòåðåaeåíü òà ñåðåäí³ áàãàòîð³÷í³ ïîêàçíèêè (ÑÁÏ) çà 1980-2015 ðð. àãðîìåòåîñòàíö³¿ Ìèðîí³âêà ³ ͳaeèíñüêî¿ ìåòåîñòàíö³¿. Ðåçóëüòàòè.

Introduction. High-quality varietal seeds, which can ensure a gain of 0.2–0.4 t/ha in the yields from their offspring, is one of the most important and cost-effective means to increase the gross grain collection of grain. Purpose. To study productive capacities of spring wheat seeds depending on treatment of fields with fungicides and insecticides. Materials and methods. The following indicators were evaluated: swelling activity, germination energy, laboratory germinability, initial growth strength, coleoptile length and the number of radicles. Seed samples that after pesticide treatment had showed the best results were tested in field experiments for productive capacities. The experimental plot area was 10 m2, in six replications. Seeds were sown with a seeder SN-10Ts after soybean with a seeding rate of 5 million germinable seeds per hectare. Spring wheat seeds produced in the experimental plots, which were treated with fungicides Akula (0.6 L/ha) and Soligor 425 EC (0.6 L/ha) and insecticides Fas (0.15 L/ha) and Karate Zeon 050 CS (0.15 L/ha) in organogenesis stages VI, VIII and X, were evaluated for productive capacities. The study was carried out on varieties MIP Zlata, Bozhena, MIP Raiduzhna and Diana. Results and discussion. Over the study years, the gain in the yields of spring wheat varieties grown from seeds of fungicide-treated plants was 0.23–0.36 t/ha; the gain in the yields of spring wheat varieties grown from seeds of insecticide-treated plants was – 0.24-0.31 t/ha. Pesticide-treated parental plants produced seeds with increased productive capacities: when such seeds were sown, the field germinability increased by 3-5%, and the plant survival – by 5-7%. Conclusions. The results indicate that the treatment of vegetating plants of spring wheat varieties in seed plots with fungicides and insecticides is a reliable way to obtain seeds with high productive capacities

Âñòàíîâèòè âïëèâ åêîëîã³÷íèõ óìîâ ³ ïîïåðåäíèê³â íà âðîaeàéí³ñòü, ïîñ³â-í³ ÿêîñò³ òà âðîaeàéí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ íàñ³ííÿ ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿. Ìåòîäè. Ëàáîðàòîðíèé (âèçíà÷åííÿ âèõîäó íàñ³ííÿ, ìàñè 1000 íàñ³íèí, åíåð㳿 ïðîðîñòàííÿ, ëàáîðàòîðíî¿ ñõîaeîñò³ òà ìîðôîòèï³â çàðîäê³â), âèì³ðþâàëüíî-âàãîâèé (óðîaeàéí³ñòü), ìàòåìàòè÷-íî¿ ñòàòèñòèêè (îö³íêà äîñòîâ³ðíîñò³ ðåçóëüòàò³â äîñë³äaeåíü). Ïîëüîâ³ äîñë³äaeåííÿ ³ç ñîðòàìè ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿ Ïîäîëÿíêà, Ñìóãëÿíêà, Ãîñïîäèíÿ ìèðîí³âñüêà, Ì²Ï Âèøèâàíêà, Òðóä³âíèöÿ ìèðîí³âñüêà, Ì²Ï Êíÿaeíà, Ìèðîí³âñüêà ñëàâà, Âåaeà ìèðîí³âñüêà ïðîâîäèëè âïðîäîâae 2014-2017 ðð. íà ïîëÿõ Ìèðîí³âñüêîãî ³íñòèòóòó ïøåíèö³. Ðåçóëüòàòè. Àíàë³ç äàíèõ çáîðó çåðíà ç îäèíèö³ ïîñ³âíî¿ ïëîù³ â ðîêè íàéâèùîãî ³ íèçüêîãî âðîaeàþ ïîêàçóº, ùî íåçâàaeàþ÷è íà ð³çí³ óìîâè çâîëîaeåííÿ âèÿâëåíà çà-êîíîì³ðí³ñòü ùîäî âïëèâó ïîïåðåäíèê³â ïðàêòè÷íî çáåð³ãàºòüñÿ. Çà ðîêè äîñë³äaeåíü íàéâèùó âðîaeàéí³ñòü ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿ (6,0 ò/ãà) îòðèìàíî ïî ïîïåðåäíèêó ñèäåðàëüíèé ïàð. Äîñë³äaeóþ÷è ïîñ³âí³ ÿêîñò³ íàñ³ííÿ ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿, âèÿâèëè, ùî ñåðåä ïî-ïåðåäíèê³â, ÿê³ âèâ÷àëèñÿ (ñîÿ, ñèäåðàëüíèé ïàð, êóêóðóäçà íà ñèëîñ), âèõ³ä íàñ³ííÿ òà ìàñà 1000 íàñ³íèí ó ñåðåäíüîìó çà òðè ðîêè (2015-2017) íàéâèùèìè áóëè ïî ñèäåðàëüíîìó ïàðó (76,4 % òà 43,2 ã), íàéíèae÷èìè -ïî êóêóðóäç³ íà ñèëîñ (71,7 % òà 40,4 ã). Âèçíà÷àþ÷è åíåðã³þ ïðîðîñòàííÿ òà ëàáîðàòîðíó ñõîae³ñòü çàëåaeíî â³ä ïîïåðåäíèê³â, ñóòòºâî¿ ð³çíèö³ íå âèÿâèëè, àëå â³äçíà÷èëè, ùî íèae÷èìè âîíè áóëè â íåñïðèÿòëèâîìó çà óìîâàìè âèðîùóâàííÿ 2017 ð. Îòðèìàí³ äàí³ ïîêàçóþòü, ùî ôîðìóâàííÿ ìîðôîòè-ï³â çàðîäê³â ó ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿ çàëåaeèòü â³ä ïîïåðåäíèêà. Òàê, íàñ³ííÿ, âèðîùåíå ïî ñèäåðàëüíîìó ïàðó, ìàëî íàéâèùó îö³íêó çà âðîaeàéíèìè âëàñòèâîñòÿìè (78,2 áàëà), à ïî ïîïåðåäíèêó êóêóðóäçà íà ñèëîñ -íàéíèae÷ó (70,5 áàëà). Âèñíîâêè. Ïðàâèëüíå ðîçì³ùåííÿ íàñ³ííèöüêèõ ïîñ³â³â ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿ â ñ³âîçì³í³ ñïðèÿº á³ëüø åôåêòèâíîìó âèêîðèñòàííþ ïðèðîäíèõ, êë³ìàòè÷íèõ ³ á³îëîã³÷íèõ ôàêòîð³â, ÿê³ ïîçèòèâíî âïëèâàþòü íà âðîaeàéí³ñòü òà ïîñ³âí³ ÿêîñò³ ³ âðîaeàéí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ íàñ³ííÿ. Íàìè äîâåäåíî, ùî â çîí³ Ïðàâîáåðåaeíîãî ˳ñîñòåïó êðàùèì ïîïåðåäíèêîì äëÿ íàñ³ííèöüêèõ ïîñ³â³â, îñîáëèâî äëÿ âèðîùóâàííÿ äîáàçîâîãî íàñ³ííÿ, º ñèäåðàëüíèé ïàð.Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: ïøåíèöÿ îçèìà, âðîaeàéí³ñòü, ïîïåðåäíèêè, ïîñ³âí³ ÿêîñò³, âðî-aeàéí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ Вступ. Озима пшениця порівняно з іншими культурами є найбільш вимогливою до попередників, від яких, здебільшого, залежить забез-