Effect of pesticide treatment of spring wheat plots on seed yields

Abstract

Introduction. High-quality varietal seeds, which can ensure a gain of 0.2–0.4 t/ha in the yields from their offspring, is one of the most important and cost-effective means to increase the gross grain collection of grain.
 Purpose. To study productive capacities of spring wheat seeds depending on treatment of fields with fungicides and insecticides.
 Materials and methods. The following indicators were evaluated: swelling activity, germination energy, laboratory germinability, initial growth strength, coleoptile length and the number of radicles. Seed samples that after pesticide treatment had showed the best results were tested in field experiments for productive capacities. The experimental plot area was 10 m2, in six replications. Seeds were sown with a seeder SN-10Ts after soybean with a seeding rate of 5 million germinable seeds per hectare. Spring wheat seeds produced in the experimental plots, which were treated with fungicides Akula (0.6 L/ha) and Soligor 425 EC (0.6 L/ha) and insecticides Fas (0.15 L/ha) and Karate Zeon 050 CS (0.15 L/ha) in organogenesis stages VI, VIII and X, were evaluated for productive capacities. The study was carried out on varieties MIP Zlata, Bozhena, MIP Raiduzhna and Diana.
 Results and discussion. Over the study years, the gain in the yields of spring wheat varieties grown from seeds of fungicide-treated plants was 0.23–0.36 t/ha; the gain in the yields of spring wheat varieties grown from seeds of insecticide-treated plants was – 0.24-0.31 t/ha. Pesticide-treated parental plants produced seeds with increased productive capacities: when such seeds were sown, the field germinability increased by 3-5%, and the plant survival – by 5-7%.
 Conclusions. The results indicate that the treatment of vegetating plants of spring wheat varieties in seed plots with fungicides and insecticides is a reliable way to obtain seeds with high productive capacities

Influence of Seeding Rate on the Productivity and Quality of Soft Spring Wheat Grain (Triticum Aestivum L.)

“…A fairly important indicator in which soft wheat forms the highest yield is the density of productive stems: 400-500 plants per 1 m 2 . Such plant density requires a mild seeding rate for wheat after the best and worst predecessors: 5.0-5.5 and 5.5-6.5 million pcs ha -1 respectively (Demydov et al, 2017b). In the conditions of the educational and scientific production center of Sumy National Agrarian University, it was noted that the number of productive stems was the highest in the variant with a seeding rate of 6.0 million pcs ha -1 -557.3 pcs m 2 .…”