Formas de adubação e doses de uréia para mudas clonais de cacau cultivadas em substrato

Júnior, José Olímpio de Souza; Carmello, Quirino Augusto de Camargo

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832008000600015

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…From each progeny, 60 seeds were randomly chosen and planted in 25 L plastic pots containing soil as substrate. The soil was analyzed for its physical and chemical characteristics and the results used to fertilize seedlings, according to the requirements of the cacao crop [ 27 ]. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of CEPEC, in Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil (14° 47'S, 39° 16'W), during 2011–2012.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path analysis of phenotypic traits in young cacao plants under drought conditions

et al. 2018

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Drought is worldwide considered one of the most limiting factors of Theobroma cacao production, which can be intensified by global climate changes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the phenotypic correlation among morphological characteristics of cacao progenies submitted to irrigation and drought conditions and their partitions into direct and indirect effects. Path analysis with phenotypic plasticity index was used as criteria for estimation of basic and explanatory variables. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Cacao Research Center (CEPEC), Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil, in a randomized block 21 x 2 factorial arrangement [21 cacao progenies obtained from complete diallel crosses and two water regimes (control and drought)] and six replications. In general, drought conditions influenced biomass production in most progenies, causing significant reductions in total leaf area, leaf number, leaf biomass, fine-roots length (diameter <1 mm), root volume and root area for considered drought intolerant. All progenies showed alterations in growth due to drought. Phenotypic plasticity was most strongly pronounced in root volume. Stem and root diameters, as well as stem dry biomass were the growth variables with the greatest direct effects on root volume under drought conditions, these characters being indicated in screening of cacao progenies drought tolerant.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path analysis of phenotypic traits in young cacao plants under drought conditions

et al. 2018

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“…Five fruits were collected from each of the 36 genotypes, the seeds of each genotype were mixed and a randomly composed sample of 40 seeds were planted in 16 L pots containing soil as the substrate. Chemical and physical analyses of the soil were performed and fertilized according to the crop requirements during the seedling production [38] . The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at CEPEC/CEPLAC, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil (14°47'S, 39°16'W, 55 m ASL).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Theobroma cacao L. Genotypes to Soil Water Deficit

et al. 2014

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Six months-old seminal plants of 36 cacao genotypes grown under greenhouse conditions were subjected to two soil water regimes (control and drought) to assess, the effects of water deficit on growth, chemical composition and oxidative stress. In the control, soil moisture was maintained near field capacity with leaf water potentials (ΨWL) ranging from −0.1 to −0.5 MPa. In the drought treatment, the soil moisture was reduced gradually by withholding additional water until ΨWL reached values of between −2.0 to −2.5 MPa. The tolerant genotypes PS-1319, MO-20 and MA-15 recorded significant increases in guaiacol peroxidase activity reflecting a more efficient antioxidant metabolism. In relation to drought tolerance, the most important variables in the distinguishing contrasting groups were: total leaf area per plant; leaf, stem and total dry biomass; relative growth rate; plant shoot biomass and leaf content of N, Ca, and Mg. From the results of these analyses, six genotypes were selected with contrasting characteristics for tolerance to soil water deficit [CC-40, C. SUL-4 and SIC-2 (non-tolerant) and MA-15, MO-20, and PA-13 (tolerant)] for further assessment of the expression of genes NCED5, PP2C, psbA and psbO to water deficit. Increased expression of NCED5, PP2C, psbA and psbO genes were found for non-tolerant genotypes, while in the majority of tolerant genotypes there was repression of these genes, with the exception of PA-13 that showed an increased expression of psbA. Mutivariate analysis showed that growth variables, leaf and total dry biomass, relative growth rate as well as Mg content of the leaves were the most important factor in the classification of the genotypes as tolerant, moderately tolerant and sensitive to water deficit. Therefore these variables are reliable plant traits in the selection of plants tolerant to drought.

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“…Therefore, this aspect is essential for plant development (Li et al, 2012), because according to Becker et al (2009), the fertilizer recommendation in blueberry should take into account the needs of culture, the growth rate and environmental conditions. Among the nutrients utilized by plants, nitrogen (N) is the most required (Souza Júnior & Carmello, 2008), being absorbed by the roots as nitrate or ammonium salts. The nitrogen content needed for optimal plant growth varies between 2 and 5% by dry weight thereof (Castaño et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen fertilizer affects the chemical composition of the substrate, the foliar nutrient content, the vegetative growth, the production and fruit quality of blueberry

et al. 2015

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The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on chemical composition of substrate, vegetative growth, yield, fruit quality and leaf nutrient concentration of Misty and O'Neal blueberry cultivars. It was applied five nitrogen rates. In the years 2008 and 2009 were: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g plant -1 , whereas, in 2010, due to the growth and development of plants, the rates were: 0; 7.5; 15; 22.5; and 30 g plant -1. The variables analized were: plant height, dry mass of pruning, shoot length, chlorophyll content, yield, fruit mass, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity, total phenolics of fruits, leaf nutrient concentration (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Mn and Zn), and chemical properties of the substrate. Levels of N reduced the pH, exchangeable Ca and Mg and increased the Al content in the substrate. In leaves, there was an increase in N, P and Fe and a decrease in Ca, Zn, Mn and B. The highest yield was obtained with the estimated rate of 7.37 g plant -1 of N. Regarding functional compounds, there was a linear increase in antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds. It can be concluded that N fertilization with ammonium sulfate, significantly influenced the chemical composition of the substrate, nutrient content of leaves, vegetative growth, yield, and fruit quality of blueberries.Additional keywords: ammonium sulfate; mineral fertilization; pH; Vaccinium. ResumoEste trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a influência de diferentes doses de nitrogênio (N) na composição química do substrato, na concentração foliar de nutrientes, no crescimento vegetativo, na produção e na qualidade dos frutos de mirtileiro, das cultivares Misty e O'Neal. Em 2008 e 2009, foram aplicadas 0; 5; 10; 15 e 20 g de N planta -1 ; em 2010, devido ao crescimento e ao desenvolvimento das plantas, as doses aplicadas foram 0; 7,5; 15; 22,5 e 30 g de N planta -1 . As variáveis analisadas foram: altura de planta, massa seca de poda, comprimento de ramo, teor de clorofila, produção, massa de fruto, pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, teor de antocianinas, atividade antioxidante, compostos fenólicos totais dos frutos, concentração foliar de nutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Mn e Zn) e propriedades químicas do substrato. Com o incremento dos níveis de nitrogênio, houve redução do pH, nos teores de Ca e Mg, e elevação do teor de Al no substrato. Nas folhas, houve incremento do teor de N, P e Fe e diminuição de Ca, Zn, Mn e B. A maior produção foi obtida com a dose estimada de 7,37 g planta -1 de N. Em relação aos compostos funcionais, houve incremento linear para a atividade antioxidante e dos compostos fenólicos com o incremento da adubação nitrogenada. Conclui-se que a adubação nitrogenada com sulfato de amônio influenciou na composição química do substrato, no teor foliar de nutrientes, no crescimento vegetativo, na produção e na qualidade dos frutos de mirtileiro.Palavras-chave adicionais: nutrição mineral; pH; sulfato de amônio; Vaccinium.

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Formas de adubação e doses de uréia para mudas clonais de cacau cultivadas em substrato

Abstract: (1) Recebido para publicação em novembro de 2007 e aprovado em setembro de 2008.(2) Professor do

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

Path analysis of phenotypic traits in young cacao plants under drought conditions

Path analysis of phenotypic traits in young cacao plants under drought conditions

Molecular, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Theobroma cacao L. Genotypes to Soil Water Deficit

Nitrogen fertilizer affects the chemical composition of the substrate, the foliar nutrient content, the vegetative growth, the production and fruit quality of blueberry

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