Formal and informal networks in the UK medical equipment industry

Shaw, Brian

doi:10.1016/0166-4972(93)90076-8

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Moreover, the knowledge diffused through these networks was shaped by close interaction with technology suppliers. Shaw (1993) reaches sim ilar conclusions concerning m edical equipm ent innovations in the UK . Swan and N ewell (1995) approach the issue of networking through professional associations.…”

Section: Empirical Work On N Etworking and Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Diffusion of Process Innovations: A Selective Review

Baptista¹

1999

International Journal of the Economics of Business

138

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This paper surveys some of the most noteworthy literature on the diffusion of process technologies from the point of view of economics. It examines the main theoretical approaches to the diffusion phenomenon: epidemic and learning effects, equilibrium models associated with firm characteristics and strategic interaction. It also discusses the role of the supply side. Empirical work modelling inter-firm diffusion is reviewed, and special attention is given to the role of geography and inter-firm networking in the process of knowledge transfer and diffusion. Some suggestions for further research are presented as a conclusion.Diffusion Of Innovations, Geography, Inter-firm Networking, Spillovers,

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Section: Empirical Work On N Etworking and Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Diffusion of Process Innovations: A Selective Review

Baptista¹

1999

International Journal of the Economics of Business

138

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“…Networking behaviour is identified as significantly boosting the innovation output and competitiveness of firms in a diverse range of industries (Ahuja 2000; Powell et al 1996). Industries where networking has had an identifiable impact on innovation include service industries 1 (Elg and Johansson 1997; Knights et al 1993), primary industries 2 (Jacquier‐Roux and Bourgeois 2002; Nieuwenhuis 2002), manufacturing industries 3 (Biemans 1991; Grotz and Braun 1997; Hyun 1994; Izushi 1997; Shaw 1993) and high‐tech industries 4 (Coles et al 2003; Frenken 2000; Reed and Walsh 2002; Romijn and Albaladejo 2002; Streb 2003).…”

Section: Overview Of the Relationship Between Innovation And Networkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The innovation benefits of networking identified by the literature include: (1) risk sharing (Grandori 1997); (2) obtaining access to new markets and technologies (Grandori and Soda 1995); (3) speeding products to market (Almeida and Kogut 1999); (4) pooling complementary skills (Eisenhardt and Schoonhoven 1996; Hagedoorn and Duysters 2002); (5) safeguarding property rights when complete or contingent contracts are not possible (Liebeskind et al 1996); and (6) acting as a key vehicle for obtaining access to external knowledge (Cooke 1996; Powell et al 1996). The evidence from the literature review also illustrates that those firms which do not co‐operate and which do not formally or informally exchange knowledge limit their knowledge base on a long‐term basis and ultimately reduce their ability to enter into exchange relationships (Shaw 1993, 1998).…”

Section: Overview Of the Relationship Between Innovation And Networkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Networking and innovation: a systematic review of the evidence

Pittaway

Robertson

Munir

et al. 2004

Int J Management Reviews

1,307

1,026

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Recent work on competitiveness has emphasized the importance of business networking for innovativeness. Until recently, insights into the dynamics of this relationship have been fragmented. This paper presents a systematic review of research linking the networking behaviour of firms with their innovative capacity. We find that the principal benefits of networking as identified in the literature include: risk sharing; obtaining access to new markets and technologies; speeding products to market; pooling complementary skills; safeguarding property rights when complete or contingent contracts are not possible; and acting as a key vehicle for obtaining access to external knowledge. The evidence also illustrates that those firms which do not co‐operate and which do not formally or informally exchange knowledge limit their knowledge base long term and ultimately reduce their ability to enter into exchange relationships. At an institutional level, national systems of innovation play an important role in the diffusion of innovations in terms of the way in which they shape networking activity. The paper provides evidence suggesting that network relationships with suppliers, customers and intermediaries such as professional and trade associations are important factors affecting innovation performance and productivity. Where networks fail, it is due to inter‐firm conflict, displacement, lack of scale, external disruption and lack of infrastructure. The review identifies several gaps in the literature that need to be filled. For instance, there is a need for further exploration of the relationship between networking and different forms of innovation, such as process and organisational innovation. Similarly, we need better understanding of network dynamics and network configurations, as well as the role of third parties such as professional and trade associations. Our study highlights the need for interdisciplinary research in these areas.

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“…Networking has also been introduced to sectors related to the health services. For instance, in the UK, medical equipment entrepreneurs have got together in the creation, development, design, manufacture and marketing of 34 medical equipment innovations (see Shaw, 1993). The networks created by the entrepreneurs facilitated the process of learning by doing, learning by using and learning by interaction.…”

Section: Sectoral Spread and Success Storiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The widening scope of inter‐organizational networking:

Zeffane

1995

Leadership &Amp; Organization Development Journal

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Strategic alliances and networks have become an integral part of contemporary strategic organizational thinking. Their spread seems to correspond with the increasing rate of joint venture formations and outsourcing endeavours that have dominated the business arena in the past decade or so. Examines the widening scope of networking in the light of the underlying economic, sectoral and social dimensions. Argues that outsourcing remains a fundamental economic ingredient in network formation, and shows that networking, as a novel form of organization, is far‐reaching and gaining unprecedented expansion throughout a wide range of economic sectors, as well as on a global scale. Examines and discusses the role of informal (social) networking and the important issue of trust. Outlines and discusses issues relating to the success of future networks.

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Formal and informal networks in the UK medical equipment industry

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

The Diffusion of Process Innovations: A Selective Review

The Diffusion of Process Innovations: A Selective Review

Networking and innovation: a systematic review of the evidence

The widening scope of inter‐organizational networking:

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