Forage Species and Stocking Rate Effects on Animal Performance and Herbage Responses of ‘Mulato’ and Bahiagrass Pastures

Inyang, U.; Vendramini, J. M. B.; Sollenberger, Lynn E.; Sellers, Brent A.; Adesogan, A.T.; Paiva, Luísa Melville; Lunpha, A.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2009.05.0267

Cited by 57 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This response was clearly evidenced by the high correlation between these variables. The same pattern was already describe assessing the effect of grazing intensities on forage production, where higher grazing intensities decreased FM and FA (HERNÁNDEZ GARAY et al, 2004;INYANG et al, 2010). Consequently, increasing grazing intensities directly influences animal performance due to the lowest forage availability (AGUINAGA et al, 2008).…”

Section: Animal Parameterssupporting

confidence: 55%

Steers production in integrated crop-livestock systems: pasture management under different sward heights

Wesp

Carvalho

Conte

et al. 2016

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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-The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different grazing intensities on forage production and animal performance of yearling steers kept under permanent grazing in an integrated crop-livestock system. The treatments consisted of areas with sward heights of 10; 20; 30 and 40 cm, and one treatment with no grazing. The pastures were of bristle oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) following soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). The variables forage mass, forage allowance and residual straw showed a positive and linear fit to the increasing sward height (P 0.0001). Average daily gain of steers displayed a quadratic response (P = 0.0017), being optimal with increases in grazing height up to values of near 30 cm, showing a weight gain per animal of approximately 1.0 kg day -1. A similar response was seen for live weight at slaughter and carcass characteristics (P 0.0305). The results suggest that sward heights close to 30 cm provide greater individual gains, due to the increase in forage available to each animal and the better quality of the consumed forage without compromising the residual straw destined for the following crop. RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes intensidades de pastejo sob a produção de forragem e o desempenho animal de novilhos superprecoces mantidos sob pastejo contínuo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária. Os tratamentos consistiram das alturas de manejo de pasto de 10; 20; 30 e 40 cm; e de um tratamento sem pastejo. Os pastos eram constituídos de aveia-preta (Avena strigosa Schreb.) e azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) em sucessão a cultura da soja (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). As variáveis massa de forragem, oferta de forragem e palhada residual se ajustaram de forma positiva e linear ao incremento da altura do pasto (P 0,0001). O desempenho individual de novilhos apresentou resposta quadrática (P = 0,0017) e foi otimizado com o incremento na altura do pasto até valores próximos a 30 cm, com ganho de peso por animal de aproximadamente 1,0 kg dia -1. O mesmo foi observado para o peso vivo ao abate e as características de carcaça (P 0,0305). Os resultados sugerem que alturas próximas a 30 cm permitem maiores ganhos individuais, devido ao aumento da quantidade de forragem disponível por animal e a melhor qualidade da forragem consumida, não havendo comprometimento da palhada residual destinada à cultura subsequente. Palavras-chave:Novilhos. Pastagem-manejo. Carga animal. Ganho médio diário. Peso de carcaça.

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Section: Animal Parameterssupporting

confidence: 55%

Steers production in integrated crop-livestock systems: pasture management under different sward heights

Wesp

Carvalho

Conte

et al. 2016

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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“…In general, as SR increases the individual animal performance decreases. However, animal production per hectare initially increases, then changes little across a range of moderate SR, and then decreases at high SR (Inyang et al, 2010). The effects of SR on ingestive behaviour appear to be inconsistent (Deresz et al, 2006;Fukumoto et al, 2010).…”

Section: Strategies For Management Of Grasslandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of SR on ingestive behaviour appear to be inconsistent (Deresz et al, 2006;Fukumoto et al, 2010). The optimum SR for a particular forage-livestock system will be a compromise between production per individual animal and production per hectare (Inyang et al, 2010). It will also depend upon the production goals over both the short and long terms, and will vary according to the amount and quality of herbage available through seasonal fluctuations as determined by, for example, rainfall and temperature (O'Reagain et al, 2009 and2011).…”

Section: Strategies For Management Of Grasslandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of grasslands for animal production and other functions: a review on management and methodological progress in the tropics

Boval

Dixon

2012

Animal

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The global importance of grasslands is indicated by their extent; they comprise some 26% of total land area and 80% of agriculturally productive land. The majority of grasslands are located in tropical developing countries where they are particularly important to the livelihoods of some one billion poor peoples. Grasslands clearly provide the feed base for grazing livestock and thus numerous high-quality foods, but such livestock also provide products such as fertilizer, transport, traction, fibre and leather. In addition, grasslands provide important services and roles including as water catchments, biodiversity reserves, for cultural and recreational needs, and potentially a carbon sink to alleviate greenhouse gas emissions. Inevitably, such functions may conflict with management for production of livestock products. Much of the increasing global demand for meat and milk, particularly from developing countries, will have to be supplied from grassland ecosystems, and this will provide difficult challenges. Increased production of meat and milk generally requires increased intake of metabolizable energy, and thus increased voluntary intake and/or digestibility of diets selected by grazing animals. These will require more widespread and effective application of improved management. Strategies to improve productivity include fertilizer application, grazing management, greater use of crop by-products, legumes and supplements and manipulation of stocking rate and herbage allowance. However, it is often difficult to predict the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of such strategies, particularly in tropical developing country production systems. Evaluation and on-going adjustment of grazing systems require appropriate and reliable assessment criteria, but these are often lacking. A number of emerging technologies may contribute to timely low-cost acquisition of quantitative information to better understand the soil–pasture–animal interactions and animal management in grassland systems. Development of remote imaging of vegetation, global positioning technology, improved diet markers, near IR spectroscopy and modelling provide improved tools for knowledge-based decisions on the productivity constraints of grazing animals. Individual electronic identification of animals offers opportunities for precision management on an individual animal basis for improved productivity. Improved outcomes in the form of livestock products, services and/or other outcomes from grasslands should be possible, but clearly a diversity of solutions are needed for the vast range of environments and social circumstances of global grasslands.

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“…Un estudio con pasto capim-marandu muestra mayor población de tallos al cosecharse a 15 cm de altura residual, que a 30 cm, con intervalo de defoliación de tres hojas por tallo (6) . El pasto mulato, es una especie forrajera perenne con potencial productivo entre 10 a 25 t de materia seca (MS) ha -1 año -1 , proteína cruda de 90 a 170 g kg -1 MS y 550 a 620 g kg -1 de digestibilidad in vitro de la MS (10) . Sin embargo, la mayoría de las pocas investigaciones que se han hecho se enfocan a producción de MS y valor nutritivo, sin considerar el papel importante de los caracteres morfogenéticos y estructurales en la dinámica de rebrote y persistencia de las gramíneas.…”

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Morphogenetic components and accumulation in Mulato grass at different frequencies and intensities of grazing

Cruz-Hernández

Hernández-Garay

Vaquera-Huerta

et al. 2017

Rev. Mex. Cienc. Pecu.

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RESUMENEn las regiones tropicales las gramíneas representan la principal fuente de alimentación para los rumiantes, por lo que el rendimiento y la calidad forrajera son de gran interés para mitigar la baja productividad. La mayoría de los estudios en forrajes se basan en la producción de la materia seca y el valor nutritivo, sin considerar los caracteres morfogenéticos y estructurales del pasto, en la dinámica de rebrote. En Brachiaria hibrido cv mulato se estudiaron a 14, 21 y 28 días de pastoreo, y 9-11, 13-15 cm de altura residual, que se distribuyeron en un diseño de bloques al azar en arreglo factorial 3 x 2 con tres repeticiones. Se midió: acumulación de forraje, densidad poblacional de tallos, tasa de aparición y muerte de tallos, recambio de tejido foliar. La mayor acumulación del forraje fue de 2,769, 4,985, 7,033 kg de materia seca por hectárea con pastoreo ligero en lluvias. La tasa de aparición de tallos con el pastoreo severo superó en 13, 8 y 14 % al ligero en las épocas de nortes, seca y lluvias en el primer ciclo. La mayor elongación foliar se obtuvo al pastorear cada 28 días en la época de lluvias. Se concluye que durante la época de lluvias el pasto mulato presentó la mayor acumulación del forraje al cosecharse en periodos de 28 días con pastoreo ligero. La tasa de elongación y senescencia foliar mostraron los mayores valores al pastorear ligeramente la pradera cada 28 días con una densidad menor de tallos. PALABRAS CLAVE: Forraje, Brachiaria hibrido, Dinámica de tallos, Tejido foliar. ABSTRACTGrasses are the main feed source for ruminant livestock in tropical regions. Forage yield and quality are therefore extremely important for mitigating low productivity. Most studies of forage are based on dry matter production and nutritional value, and ignore grass morphogenetic and structural traits in the resprouting dynamic. Brachiaria hibrido cv. mulato was studied at 14, 21 and 28 d grazing frequencies, and 9-11 and 13-15 cm residual heights using a random block design and a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement with three replicates. Five variables were measured: forage accumulation; population stem density; stem appearance rate; stem death rate; and leaf tissue turnover. At all three frequencies, forage accumulation was highest under light grazing during the rainy season (

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Forage Species and Stocking Rate Effects on Animal Performance and Herbage Responses of ‘Mulato’ and Bahiagrass Pastures

Cited by 57 publications

References 13 publications

Steers production in integrated crop-livestock systems: pasture management under different sward heights

Steers production in integrated crop-livestock systems: pasture management under different sward heights

The importance of grasslands for animal production and other functions: a review on management and methodological progress in the tropics

Morphogenetic components and accumulation in Mulato grass at different frequencies and intensities of grazing

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