Food waste in animal feed with a focus on use for broilers

Abstract

Purpose Although the world's food production is approximately 3.99 billion metric tons, one in nine people remain malnourished. In combination with the projected world population of nine billion by 2050, further malnourishment of both humans and animals may occur; therefore, understanding of the current status of food waste and reuse is important. Methods An extensive literature review was conducted to quantify food waste by weight and percentage at harvesting, processing/manufacturing, wholesale, retail, and consumer sectors of the food supply chain. The analysis of food waste was considered globally, within the United States, and within the state of California (USA). Results Large amounts of food waste (meat, vegetables, fruits, and breads) are produced daily. Results of the previous research suggest that food waste can be used successfully in diets of monogastric animals. Conclusions The poultry industry is growing globally and uses large amounts of corn and soy for poultry diets; therefore, research should be conducted to investigate the partial use of alternative feed ingredients to meet the growing demand for poultry production. We proposed that food waste, occurring in all sectors of the food supply chain, could become a partial substitute for corn and soy in broiler diets.

Bioactive Compounds in Food Waste: A Review on the Transformation of Food Waste to Animal Feed

“…In order to align with demand, meat production is projected to double at an amount of 455 million tons by 2050 [7]. In the last decades, the poultry sector has grown rapidly in comparison with the other livestock production sectors [7], and many people in the world consume chicken meat and eggs to meet a large proportion of their protein needs [8]. However, it is very likely that food production needed to correspond with consumer demand will be limited due to finite natural resources [5].…”

Sources of pollutants and environmental factors protection in the meat processing industry

“…Researchers predict that about 68% of the planet's population will live in the urban area by 2050. Thus only about 30% of the population will supply huge quantities of fruits, vegetables and meat products for them and urbanites [1]. The production activity in the food industry involves the passage of stages of the technological process through which the raw materials are transformed into semi-finished products or finished products destined for food consumption.…”

“…Preventing food waste from the factory could significantly contribute to reducing climate change and increasing energy efficiency without further effort [2]. About 40% of food waste in industrialized countries comes from retail and consumption, which is the equivalent of total net food production in Sub-Saharan Africa [1].…”

Nutritional and Economical Evaluation of Inclusion of Hotels Leftover Food in Growing Lambs Rations

“…Large amounts of food waste (meat, vegetables, fruits, and breads) are produced daily in megacities. Results of the previous researchers suggest that food waste can be used successfully in diets of monogastric animals (Truong et al, 2019). Today, lambs have being used large amounts of conventional feed ingredient for their rations; therefore, research should be conducted to investigate the partial use of alternative feed ingredients to meet the growing demand for meat production.…”