Food availability controls seasonal cycle of growth in Macoma balthica (L.) in San Francisco Bay, California

Thompson, Janet K.; Nichols, Frederic H.

doi:10.1016/0022-0981(88)90245-6

Cited by 83 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Little is known about the food selectivity of these two species. Fluctuations of growth and condition in M. balthica correlated well with those of chlorophyll a in the water column (Thompson and Nichols 1988) and of planktonic diatoms, but not with flagellates (Beukema and Cadee 1991).…”

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confidence: 69%

“…Recent studies (Hummel 1985, Thompson and Nichols 1988, Beukema and Cadee 1991 found that the greater part of food for M. balthica originates from the water column, despite the fact that the clam's functional morphology is better equipped for deposit feeding (Gilbert 1977). The clam is able to filter food from the overlying water while the inhalant siphon is just at the surface of the substrate (Brafield andNewell 1961, Hummel 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Suspended Food Availability on the Feeding Mode and Burial Depth of the Baltic Clam, Macoma balthica

Lin¹,

Hines²

1994

Oikos

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Previous studies showed that siphon cropping by epibenthic predators reduces the size of inhalant siphon of the Baltic clam Macoma balthica (L.), causing the clams to reside at shallower burial depths in the sediment and making them more vulnerable to lethal predation. This indirect interaction is further complicated because M. balthica facultatively switches between suspension-and deposit-feeding in response to the availability of suspended food particles. Laboratory experiments showed that the proportion of clams deposit feeding with exposed siphons increased with decreasing food concentrations in the water column and this resulted in shallower burial depths in the sediment. The clams showed similar responses in feeding mode and burial depth to the concentrations of suspended food indirectly manipulated by the presence and/or density of either interspecific (suspension-feeding soft-shelled clam Mya arenaria L.) or intraspecific competitors. J. lin and A. H. Hines, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, P. O. Box 28, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA (present address of JL: Dept of Biological Sciences, Florida Inst. of Technology, 150 West University Blvd, Melbourne, FL 32901-6988, USA).Higher-order interactions and indirect effects involving multiple trophic levels and environmental factors are widespread in marine (e.g., Dungan 1986, Schmitt 1987, Kneib 1988, Peterson and Black 1988, Wilson 1989, Posey and Hines 1991, freshwater (e.g., Morin 1986, Miller and Kerfoot 1987, Sih 1987, Sadinski and Dunson 1992, Werner 1992, and terrestrial communities (e.g., Miller 1985, Wilson 1986). An understanding of these complex multispecies interactions is essential to synthetic theories of population and community structure. The complexity of the interactions, however, often makes it difficult to detect higher-order interactions andlor distinguish direct and indirect effects (Connell 1983).The Baltic clam Macoma balthica (L.) offers an ideal model system to exaInine the role of indirect effects and complex interactions on trophic interactions. It is a facultative suspension and deposit feeder. Bubnova (1972) and'Olafsson (1986) hypothesized that M. balthica suspen-

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confidence: 69%

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Suspended Food Availability on the Feeding Mode and Burial Depth of the Baltic Clam, Macoma balthica

Lin¹,

Hines²

1994

Oikos

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“…However, it is currently unclear if bloom dilution could reduce MeHg bioaccumulation in San Francisco Bay, partially because much of the bloom material is consumed by benthic organisms (Thompson and Nichols 1988), a pathway in which bloom dilution needs further study. It is possible that the additional food consumed by the benthos could counteract any beneficial effects of bloom dilution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of phytoplankton in mercury cycling in the San Francisco Bay estuary

Luengen

Flegal

2009

Limnol. Oceanogr.

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To study the role of phytoplankton in mercury cycling, we measured methylmercury (MeHg) and total mercury (Hg T ) in surface waters during the spring 2003 phytoplankton bloom in San Francisco Bay. Conditions that described the peak of the bloom, the amount of sorbent, and decay of the bloom were summarized by principal component analysis (PCA). Multivariate analyses conducted with the PCA factors demonstrated that the bloom accounted for a significant (p 5 0.03) decrease in dissolved (,0.45 mm) MeHg. Dissolved MeHg was depleted to 0.026 pmol L 21 and was unaffected when chlorophyll a concentrations nearly tripled, indicating that bloom dilution could occur as a result of a limited amount of MeHg. The calculated algal MeHg concentration was 3-10 pmol g 21 (dry weight). As the bloom decayed, dissolved MeHg concentrations significantly (p 5 0.04) increased, likely due to MeHg remineralization from decaying phytoplankton and/or production in sediments. By creating suboxic conditions in surface sediments and stimulating microbial activity, decomposing phytoplankton could bolster MeHg production, a potential side effect of large blooms. Unlike dissolved MeHg, dissolved Hg T concentrations were not measurably altered by the bloom or decay factors. That difference corroborated previous culture studies in which phytoplankton actively accumulated MeHg, but not Hg T . As the bloom decayed, Hg T K d values significantly (p 5 0.012) increased, possibly because particles (i.e., phytoplankton) with low Hg T concentrations were lost from the water column. Based on the relationship between Hg T particulate concentrations and percent phytoplankton, the calculated algal Hg T concentration was ,0.5 nmol g 21 (dry weight).

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“…Local factors that determine nutritional conditions can greatly influence the growth rate of marine bivalves (Karayücel and Karayücel, 2000;Karayucel et al, 2003a;Erdemir Yiğin and Tuncer, 2004;Ozernyurk and Zotin, 2006;Yıldız et al, 2006;Peharda et al, 2007). Important factors in growth rate are particulate organic matter (Thompson and Nickols, 1988;Garen et al, 2004), duration of air exposure (Seed, 1969), population density (Peterson and Beal, 1989;Ramsay et al, 2008), genotypic characteristic (Dickie et al, 1984;Skidmore and Chew, 1985) and water current vellocity (Grizzle and Morin, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Karayücel¹,

Çelik²,

Karayücel³

et al. 2010

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Mussel culture was practiced in the raft system in Sinop area, Black Sea, from May 2005 to May 2006. One-year old rope grown mussel with a mean length of 40.28±0.51 mm and a mean live weight of 6.06±0.20 g were stocked in nylon socks, and suspended from the raft system. Effects of environmental factors including temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a, seston, particulate inorganic matter and particulate organic matter on some growth parameters were monitored during the experimental period. At the end of the experimental period, the mean mussel shell length was 58.86±2.81 mm, while mean live weigth was 18.53±2.25 g. The growth rate was low during the winter and resumed in March. The monthly distribution of meat yield changed between 16.23 and 23.93% with a mean of 20.55±0.78%. The minimum and maximum meat yield were in April and July, respectively. There was a positive correlation between meat yield and particulate organic matter (P<0.05). The highest value of Specific Growth Rate (SGR) was in the first four months when the mussels were smaller size and food availability was higher. The final production was 7.97±0.18 kg per meter of rope. In the light of these results, mussel culture in the raft system was discussed.Keywords: mussel cultivation, raft system, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Black Sea. Ortalama boyu 40,28±0,51 mm ve ortalama ağırlığı 6,06±0,20 g olan bir yaşındaki midyeler naylon çuvallara doldurularak, sal sisteminden asılan halatlarda büyütülmüştür. Deneme süresince çevresel faktörlerin (sıcaklık, tululuk, klorofil-a, seston, partikül organik madde ve partikül inorganik madde) bazı büyüme parametrelerine etkisi izlenmiştir. Deneme sonunda, midyelerde boy 40,28 ile 71,72 mm arasında değişerek ortalama 58,86±2,81 mm, canlı ağırlığı ise 6,06 g ile 31,89 g arasında dağılım göstererek ortalama 18,53±2,25 g olarak ölçülmüştür. Büyüme oranı kış aylarında düşmüş ve Mart ayında tekrar artmaya başlamıştır. Et veriminin aylık değişimi %16,23 ile %23,93 arasında değişmiş beraber olup ortalama %20,55±0,78 olarak ölçülmüştür. En düşük et verimi değeri Nisan ayında elde edilirken en yüksek değer Temmuz ayında elde edilmiştir. Et verimi ve partikül organik madde arasında pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur (P<0,05). Çalışmada en yüksek spesifik büyüme oranı, midyelerin daha küçük ve besin miktarının daha fazla olduğu ilk dört ayda gerçekleşmiştir. Deneme sonunda yetiştirme halatının bir metresinde elde edilen ürün miktarı 7,97±0,18 kg olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bu bulgular sonucunda sal sisteminde midye yetiştiriciliği tartışılmıştır. Karadeniz'de SinopAnahtar Kelimeler: midye yetiştiriciliği, sal sistemi, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Karadeniz.

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Food availability controls seasonal cycle of growth in Macoma balthica (L.) in San Francisco Bay, California

Cited by 83 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of Suspended Food Availability on the Feeding Mode and Burial Depth of the Baltic Clam, Macoma balthica

Effects of Suspended Food Availability on the Feeding Mode and Burial Depth of the Baltic Clam, Macoma balthica

Role of phytoplankton in mercury cycling in the San Francisco Bay estuary

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