Food Allergy To Wheat Proteins. Diagnostic And Treatment Difficulties

Вишнёва, Е. А.; Намазова-Баранова, Л. С.; Макарова, С. Г.; Алексеева, А. А.; Эфендиева, К. Е.; Левина, Ю. Г.; Селимзянова, Л. Р.; Вознесенская, Н. И.; Томилова, А. Ю.; Волков, К. С.; Сновская, М. А.

doi:10.15690/pf.v12i4.1424

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…В настоящее время в связи с продолжающимся ростом распространенности аллергии, в том числе пищевой непереносимости, внимание ученых и клиницистов привлечено к проблеме энтеропатии, индуцированной пищевыми белками [1][2][3][4]. Прежде всего это связано с трудностями курации таких пациентов, неспецифичностью клинических проявлений, частым развитием осложнений и сложностями выбора рациона [5][6][7][8][9]. При этом следует помнить, что гастроинтестинальные реакции на продукты часто носят отсроченный характер и протекают по не-IgE-опосредованному типу [3].…”

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Food protein-induced enteropathy and its complications

Yankina

Горленко

Loshkova

et al. 2021

Ross. vestn. perinatol. pediatr.

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Currently, in pediatric practice, a special place is occupied by patients with severe allergic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, which often manifest immediately after the birth of a child. Food protein-induced enteropathy reduces the quality of life of the child and family; it is difficult to diagnose and to treat. We present a clinical case of a patient with food protein-induced enteropathy, complicated by severe B12-deficiency anemia and edema syndrome. In the tactics of patient management, attention is paid to the late diagnosis of the underlying disease and complications, the complexity of prescribing diet therapy and the lack of alertness regarding the diagnosis of malabsorption associated with food intolerance.

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Food protein-induced enteropathy and its complications

Yankina

Горленко

Loshkova

et al. 2021

Ross. vestn. perinatol. pediatr.

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Features of the immune status and comorbidities in children with alopecia areata

Shtina,

Osheva,

Ermakova

et al. 2023

Med. immunol.

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Increased incidence of alopecia has been noted in children at the present time. Participation of autoimmune (immunopathological) mechanisms in pathogenesis of this disease necessitates additional study of immune status and characteristics of comorbid pathologies. The aim of our study was to specify the features of immune status and comorbidities in children with alopecia areata. The observation group consisted of children with various types of alopecia areata (n = 57), a comparison group included children without clinical manifestations of alopecia or a history of alopecia (n = 157). We performed a comparative evaluation of major lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD3+CD19+), interleukins (IL-4, IL-6), immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG), parameters of phagocytic activity (absolute phagocytosis, percentage of phagocytosis, phagocytic number and phagocytic index) and IgE to house dust and cat hair. Analysis of comorbidities was also performed. Statistical processing was carried out with Jamovi software. We have found that the focal clinical form of alopecia prevailed over the subtotal and total forms by 1.8 times (p = 0.033) in the observation group rather than in comparison group, with common variable immunodeficiency being more often (1.4-fold), chronic tonsillitis (3.9-fold), allergic rhinitis (3.9-fold) and autoimmune thyroiditis, which was absent in the comparison group. Among the children with alopecia, disturbances of the T-cell link were revealed, i.e., a higher median levels of the relative and absolute numbers of CD3+CD4+ cells (p = 0.001 to 0.003), larger proportions of elevated values for IgA (4.1-fold), IgM (7.3-fold), IgG (13.2-fold) with p-levels of 0.0001 to 0.0008; increased IL-4 (8.1-fold) and IL-6 (4.6-fold), with p = 0.002-0.004, along with medium and relatively strong correlations with alopecia. In children with alopecia, we have determined a 3.3-fold proportion of reduced values of absolute phagocytosis and 3.7-fold reduced percentage of phagocytosis (p = 0.0012 to 0.028), with an sufficient correlation (weak to moderate strength) with alopecia, as well as lower values of the median phagocytic index and phagocytic number in the observation group (p < 0.001) associated with a average-strength correlation. Hence, an imbalance of the immune system components was revealed in children with alopecia which manifested with signs of immune hyperfunction, characteristic, e.g., of autoimmune and allergic processes, accompanied by more frequent registration of autoimmune thyroiditis and allergic rhinitis. Moreover, distinct signs of immune deficiency, are found, characterized by a decrease in phagocytic activity and higher incidence of common variable immunodeficiency and chronic tonsillitis.

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Role of allergy in the development of alopecia areata

Барило

Смирнова

2022

Med. immunol.

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Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease characterized by non-scarring hair loss with preservation of the hair follicle. Hair loss in alopecia areata can be either focal with the appearance of clearly defined foci of alopecia, or diffuse or complete hair loss in any area of the skin where hair follicles are present. Data on the role of food allergy in the development of alopecia areata and the nature of the sensitization spectrum are extremely scarce. Objective: to study the features of the spectrum of sensitization to food and pollen (cross-reacting) allergens in patients with alopecia areata.The study involved patients with alopecia areata (n = 17), who were divided into groups according to age: group 1 — children (n = 9) and group 2 — adults (n = 8). All patients underwent a specific allergological examination: collection of an allergic history, skin prick testing with food and pollen allergens (Allergopharma, Germany).Analysis of the spectrum of sensitization to food allergens in patients with alopecia areata revealed features depending on their age. Thus, in the group of sick children, the highest frequency of sensitization to whole chicken eggs, food cereals, yeast, soybeans and cow's milk proteins was noted. In the group of sick adults, the most significant food allergens were: egg protein, rye flour, oats. Among the pollen allergens in the first group of patients, the most common allergens were a mixture of weed and grass pollen, in the second group, a mixture of meadow grass pollen. All patients, taking into account allergological testing, were administered an individual elimination diet with the exclusion of causally significant allergens, taking into account crossreacting allergens. The elimination effect was assessed 2 months after the start of the elimination diet. 70% of patients showed a clinical improvement, i.e., the growth of vellus was noted (vellus depigmented hair) in the foci of alopecia, as well as terminal pigmented hair. Complete regression of alopecia foci occurred on average within 3-6 months from the start of therapy.The sensitization to food and pollen (cross-reacting) allergens in patients with alopecia areata and the positive effect of the elimination diet revealed in our study well supports the role of food allergy in the development of this disorder. Therefore, the study of the causal relationship between food allergy and alopecia areata is of particular relevance and creates prerequisites for the discovery of new diagnostic and therapeutic options.

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Food Allergy To Wheat Proteins. Diagnostic And Treatment Difficulties

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Food protein-induced enteropathy and its complications

Food protein-induced enteropathy and its complications

Features of the immune status and comorbidities in children with alopecia areata

Role of allergy in the development of alopecia areata

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