Fluorescent Chemosensors for Toxic Organophosphorus Pesticides: A Review

Abstract

Many organophosphorus (OP) based compounds are highly toxic and powerful inhibitors of cholinesterases that generate serious environmental and human health concerns. Organothiophosphates with a thiophosphoryl (P=S) functional group constitute a broad class of these widely used pesticides. They are related to the more reactive phosphoryl (P=O) organophosphates, which include very lethal nerve agents and chemical warfare agents, such as, VX, Soman and Sarin. Unfortunately, widespread and frequent commercial use of OP-based compounds in agricultural lands has resulted in their presence as residues in crops, livestock, and poultry products and also led to their migration into aquifers. Thus, the design of new sensors with improved analyte selectivity and sensitivity is of paramount importance in this area. Herein, we review recent advances in the development of fluorescent chemosensors for toxic OP pesticides and related compounds. We also discuss challenges and progress towards the design of future chemosensors with dual modes for signal transduction.

Moleküler Cimbizlamaya Dayali Yeni̇ Bi̇r Bisfenol-Biphenanthroline Sentezi̇

“…M. p. 247-248 °C; EIMS m/z: 212 (M+2); 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) : 9.12 (dd, 2H, 4J = 1.8 Hz, 3J = 4.8 Hz), 8.51 (dd, 2H, 3J = 7.8, 4J = 1.5 Hz), 7.69 (dd, 2H, 3J = 4.8, 4.8 Hz). 13 …”

“…[1] Molecular sensors [2][3][4] can sense metal cations, [5][6][7] anions, [8][9][10] amino acids [11] pesticides, [12,13] proteins [14] etc. Schiff bases are reported as high sensitive and reversible chemosensor for gas phase HCl.…”

Immunochemical detection of emerging organic contaminants in environmental waters

“…To date, many effective immunochemical methods for EOCs have been established, and some have been used to simultaneously analyze a large number of samples in a short time, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays [12,13]. In contrast to these high-throughput immunoassays, immunosensor techniques, including electrochemical and optical sensors, use simple, portable and robust devices to carry out on-site analysis on single samples [14]. All of these techniques have been used to screen environmental EOCs, and share common features: miniaturization, automation, and sophisticated analysis without complex sample preparation [15].…”

Mutagenicity and genotoxicity of dicapthon insecticide

“…Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), strong inhibitors of cholinesterase enzymes, were developed to replace organohalide pesticides in the late 1950's because OPs are relatively easier to degrade via microbial or environmental processes (Obare et al 2010). About 70 % of the insecticides in current use in the US are OPs (US EPA 2010).…”