Fluorescence of Er3+ ions in TiO2 planar waveguides prepared by a sol-gel process

Bahtat, A.; Bouazaoui, M.; Bahtat, M.; Mugnier, J.

doi:10.1016/0030-4018(94)90138-4

Cited by 70 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…1͑a͒, and it is practically identical to the previous one. The average density of the slabs is also 6.93 g/cm 3 , with a deviation from one slab to another not larger than 1.3% ͑Ϯ0.09 g/cm 3 ͒. The other parameters are given in the inset of Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In this work, we have developed a procedure to extract the exact density profile of sol-gel films, and applied it to analyze a sol-gel derived Er 2 Sol-gel films have been widely investigated for optical applications due to their very low cost and fast preparation process. 1,2 Layered films of different density and thickness can easily produce waveguides for visible light [3][4][5][6][7] as well as for hard x rays. 8 In high-brilliance synchrotron radiation sources, x-ray waveguides have become an important optical device that can lead to new developments in x-ray microscopy 9 and characterization techniques with submicroscale resolution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The single-layer model M1 shows that the Er 2 O 3 film is about 24 nm thick with a density of 6.93 g/cm 3 . By dividing this thickness into eight slabs, we came out with the M8 model, which has seven slabs of 3 nm plus one last slab of adjustable thickness.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nanostructure of sol–gel films by x-ray specular reflectivity

Morelhão¹,

Brito²,

Abramof

2002

Applied Physics Letters

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Recently, several studies have been carried out on sol–gel films for optical applications, mostly motivated by the quickness and low cost of the film preparation process. In order to preserve the coherence properties of the light, improvements in the current quality of such films are necessary as well as appropriated techniques for structural characterization and quality control. X-ray specular reflectivity could be one of such techniques, but it is limited by the complexity of the internal nanostructure of the films. In this work, we have developed a procedure to extract the exact density profile of sol–gel films, and applied it to analyze a sol–gel derived Er2O3 film.

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confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

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Nanostructure of sol–gel films by x-ray specular reflectivity

Morelhão¹,

Brito²,

Abramof

2002

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Sol-gel-processed materials have been used in the area of solid-state lasers 66,67 . The sol-gel method also provides a convenient route to prepare luminescent glass optical fibres doped with rare earth ions 68,69 , waveguides 70,71 , and lasers 72 . The sol-gel technique has also been used to fabricate nonlinear, optically active composites for applications in optical telecommunications 73 .…”

Section: Development Of New Sol-gel Laser Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sol-gel Technology for Sensor Applications

Chaudhury

Gupta

Gulia

2007

DSJ

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Sol-gel processes refer to the transition of predefined compositions of inorganic alkoxides precursors from liquid sol phase to solid gel phase. The phenomenon of sol-gel was known to mankind for more than 150 years. It is because of concerted efforts of researchers from multidisciplinary fields, sol-gel science transformed to technology. Several products are already commercially available for applications in optical coatings, nanocomposites, and public healthcare. Potential applications in the areas of biosensors and environmental monitoring are expected. Newer applications with nanotechnology appear too exciting. An attempt has been made to address important applications of sol-gel technology, particularly in sensing techniques from the defence perspective.Keywords: Sol-gel technology, nanomaterials, healthcare, sensors, defence applications Revised 19 November 2006 . INTRODUCTIONThe term sol-gel was first coined in the late 1800s. It generally refers to a low-temperature method using inorganic precursors that can produce ceramics and glasses with better purity and homogeneity than through high temperature conventional processes 1 . Two most attractive features of the sol-gel process are that it can produce compositions that cannot be created with conventional methods, and that the mixing level of the solution is retained in the final product, often up to the molecular scale.Sol-gel method has been successfully used to manufacture a variety of products, viz., bulk glasses 2 , optical fibers 3 , special coatings, ultra-pure powders, and multifunctional materials. Figure 1 shows different types of materials made from sol-gels. Sol-gelprocessed transparent porous matrix offers the possibility of doping various organic and inorganic molecules [5][6][7][8] . Sol-gel process has been used to Defence Science Journal, Vol. 57, No. 3, May 2007, pp. 241-253 © 2007 241 REVIEW PAPERfabricate materials which can be used as new laser materials, nanocomposites, biomimetic systems, and so on. Because of potential in fabrication of a wide variety of new materials, understanding of sol-gel processes has become the centre of interdisciplinery research, viz., physics, chemistry, biology, biotechnology, biochemistry, electronics, and related engineering branches. Sol-gel materials have a wide range of applications, from environmental monitoring, biosensors for healthcare, to nanotechnology for sensing clinically-important analytes. . BASICS OF SOL-GEL PROCESSThe sol-gel process is a versatile technique which involves the transition of a predefined composition from liquid sol (mostly colloidal) phase into a solid gel phase 9 . Sol-gel processing involves the hydrolysis of a metal alkoxide followed by condensation and polymerisation reactions, leading to the sol-gel state.242 DEF SCI J, VOL. 57, NO. 3, MAY 2007 These general reactions are shown below:Metal alkoxides are most popular because these react readily with water. The most widely used metal alkoxides are the alkoxysilanes, such as tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) a...

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“…Initial investigations were performed on Nd-doped glasses [72], [73], but attention is now concentrated on Er doping, using hosts ranging from pure SiO [74] to TiO -SiO [75]- [78], Al O -SiO [79], [80], P O -SiO [81], Al O -TiO -SiO [82], and GeO -SiO , with both weak [83] and high [84] germania contents.…”

Section: Sol-gel Edwasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sol-gel silica-on-silicon buried-channel EDWAs

Huang

Syms

2003

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-Silica-on-silicon erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers (EDWAs) fabricated by the sol-gel route are demonstrated. The preparation of stable sols is first described, with emphasis on identifying chemical routes that allow the incorporation of sufficient concentration of erbium without precipitation or gelation. Erbium-doped glasses containing various codopants, such as phosphorus, aluminum, germanium and ytterbium are formed and used in the construction of buried channel guide EDWAs. A range of optical measurements is presented, and the effects of the dopants in eliminating erbium ion quenching and improving pumping efficiency are evaluated. The best material system-Er/Yb codoped aluminophosphosilicate glass-has low background loss and a net gain of 1.1 dB/cm.

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Fluorescence of Er3+ ions in TiO2 planar waveguides prepared by a sol-gel process

Cited by 70 publications

References 10 publications

Nanostructure of sol–gel films by x-ray specular reflectivity

Nanostructure of sol–gel films by x-ray specular reflectivity

Sol-gel Technology for Sensor Applications

Sol-gel silica-on-silicon buried-channel EDWAs

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