Flow chemistry: Imidazole-based ionic liquid syntheses in micro-scale

Löwe, Holger; Axinte, R.D.; Breuch, Denis; Hofmann, C.; Petersen, Jan H.; Pommersheim, R.; Wang, A.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2010.04.065

Cited by 29 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This is a major advantage for this alternative where safety considerations and cost are dramatically reduced. The residence time for the first reaction is also relatively short ($32 min) at which about 87% conversion of the reactants is achieved when the reaction is carried out in a Micro-Structured Reactor (MSR) [22], which is definitely a great advantage for this alternative. The residence time for the second reaction is only few seconds if carried near room temperature.…”

Section: Alternative 3: Butylation Of 1-methylimidazole Using Micro-smentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Acetate [Bmim][Ac] Using 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride [Bmim]Cl and Silver Acetate: A Kinetic Study

Abu-Eishah¹,

Elsuccary²,

Al-Attar³

et al. 2021

Ionic Liquids - Thermophysical Properties and Applications

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Since most of the literature alternatives used to produce the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [Bmim][Ac] are very slow and require different solvents, we have used in this work a new process to produce the [Bmim][Ac] by the reaction of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [Bmim]Cl with silver acetate (AgAc) where silver chloride (AgCl) precipitates as a by-product. The genuine experimental work and kinetic analyses presented here indicate that the reaction rate constant k = 7.67x1012 e(−79.285/RT). That is, the Arrhenius constant k o = 7.67x1012 L/mol.s and the activation energy E a = 79.285 kJ/mol. The very high value of the Arrhenius constant indicates that the reaction of [Bmim]Cl with silver acetate to produce [Bmim][Ac] and silver chloride is extremely fast.

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Section: Alternative 3: Butylation Of 1-methylimidazole Using Micro-smentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Acetate [Bmim][Ac] Using 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride [Bmim]Cl and Silver Acetate: A Kinetic Study

Abu-Eishah¹,

Elsuccary²,

Al-Attar³

et al. 2021

Ionic Liquids - Thermophysical Properties and Applications

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“…-In-house solutions: When a cheap and effective mixing of a biphasic reaction is needed, simple sand, silica gel or glass beads can efficiently do the job [7,8]. Foams are available in metal (titanium, nickel) or plastic (for example PTFE) with different pore sizes.…”

Section: In-line Mixersmentioning

confidence: 99%

4. Technology overview/Overview of the devices

Fekete¹,

Glasnov²

2014

Fundamentals

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“…The highly exothermic stage (R1) [3,4] can be realized by either continuous or periodic methods. In the continuous method, the reactants are mixed in a microreactor and then the reaction proceeds in a flow mode . At the beginning, the rate of the process is rather high; however, it may take a few days to achieve the degree of conversion of more than 99%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The kinetics of the synthesis of other 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ILs has been considered in a number of studies . The kinetics of formation of 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ethylsulfate [C 2 mim]EtSO 4 was studied in [8] and [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the Synthesis of 1‐Alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids in Dilute and Concentrated Solutions

Firaha

Paulechka

2013

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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The kinetics of the reactions of 1‐methylimidazole with iodoethane, 1‐iodobutane, 1‐bromobutane, 1‐bromohexane, 1‐bromooctane resulting in the formation of corresponding 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium halide ionic liquids in acetonitrile and cyclopentanone solutions has been studied in a wide range of concentrations and degrees of conversion. The studied reactions were found to follow the SN2 rate law in the dilute solutions. The significant deviations from the simple SN2 rate law observed at higher concentrations of the reactants were assigned to the concentration dependence of activity coefficients for the reactants and the transition states. The experimental data were processed with the conductor‐like screening model–segment activity coefficient (COSMO‐SAC) model and the Scatchard–Hildebrand equation. The latter was found to provide somewhat better description of the experimental results; however, the former has a wider predictive ability. The Arrhenius activation energies and the activation enthalpies were calculated for the investigated systems. The rate constants at infinite dilution were obtained for a large number of 1‐haloalkane + 1‐methylimidazole + solvent systems with the use of the COSMO‐SAC model. It was demonstrated that the rate constants of the studied reactions in various non‐hydrogen‐bonding solvents can be estimated from a correlation with the Hildebrand solubility parameter.

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Flow chemistry: Imidazole-based ionic liquid syntheses in micro-scale

Cited by 29 publications

References 25 publications

Production of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Acetate [Bmim][Ac] Using 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride [Bmim]Cl and Silver Acetate: A Kinetic Study

Production of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Acetate [Bmim][Ac] Using 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride [Bmim]Cl and Silver Acetate: A Kinetic Study

4. Technology overview/Overview of the devices

Kinetics of the Synthesis of 1‐Alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids in Dilute and Concentrated Solutions

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