Floristic Changes in the Areas Surrounding the Paratethys during Neogene Time

Kovar-Eder, Johanna; Givulescu, R.; Hably, Lilla; Kvaček, Zlatko; Mihajlovic, Dragan; Teslenko, J. V.; Walther, Harald; Zastawniak, E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-79378-3_23

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The fi rst occurrences of several broad-leaved deciduous taxa such as Acer vindobonensis, Alnus ducalis GAUDIN emend. Knobloch, Fagus, Ginkgo adiantoides, Platanus leucophylla, and Quercus pseudocastanea (Kovar-Eder et al 1994) do, however, indicate dynamic changes in the composition of the BLD component during the Middle Miocene. In the Late Miocene the BLD component is usually distinctly higher, often exceeding 80 %.…”

Section: The Middle Miocene Plant Record Compared To the Early And Lamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Randeck Maar, Erdőbénye sites, sites along the North Alpine Foredeep, Steinheim). For Hungary, Hably (1992) (Kovar-Eder et al 1994). Some ancient taxa such as Engelhardia orsbergensis (WEBER) JÄHNICHEN, MAI et WALTHER/macroptera (BRONGNIART) UNGER, Lauraceae (especially Daphnogene), and Tetraclinis salicornioides may also occur.…”

Section: Vegetation Characteristics During the Middle Miocenementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Middle Miocene Central European Plant Record Revisited; Widespread Subhumid Sclerophyllous Forests Indicated

Kovar-Eder¹,

Teodoridis²

2018

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Abstract The Middle Miocene plant record from the wider Central Paratethys region (Central Paratethys, the North Alpine Foredeep, Carpathian Foredeep, the Swabian Alb and southern parts of the Bohemian Massif) was analysed by the Integrated Plant Record (IPR) vegetation analysis to assess major vegetation types. The plant assemblages at 27 sites accumulated under very different sedimentological settings and refl ect heterogeneous environments. Although of very different origin, the plant record delivers a fairly consistent signal towards subhumid sclerophyllous forests (ShSF) as the most likely major zonal vegetation unit for the Langhian/Serravallian. Today, such forests develop under seasonal climate with pronounced seasonal changes in precipitation. The fl oristic characteristics are outlined and the record is compared to that of the preceding and the following Miocene periods.

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Section: The Middle Miocene Plant Record Compared To the Early And Lamentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Vegetation Characteristics During the Middle Miocenementioning

confidence: 99%

The Middle Miocene Central European Plant Record Revisited; Widespread Subhumid Sclerophyllous Forests Indicated

Kovar-Eder¹,

Teodoridis²

2018

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“…In Metochia a similar triveined leaf has been described by Mantzouka et al (2015 veins mostly craspedodromous, in 6-9 pairs, position alternate or subopposite, originating at 30-70°, usually irregularly spaced, curved or rarely straight, intersecondary veins absent or one per intercostal area, usually not well developed, less than half the length of secondary, ± parallel to secondaries, forked; agrophic veins in basal part of lamina well developed, 5-7 on each side of lamina, tertiary veins very fine, reticulate or very weakly alternate percurrent, ~5-6 per cm of secondary, arising at ~90°, forming ± irregular polygonal network; 4 th -and 5 th -order veins ± reticulate, forming polygons in the former and mostly pentagons in the latter; tooth principal vein terminating in tooth apex, course of accessory tooth veins convex. -Eder et al, 1994). Because of its morphological variability, A. tricuspidatum has been ascribed several forms or subspecies (e.g.…”

Section: Family Salicaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Three (middle to) late Miocene plant macroremain assemblages (Pitsidia, Kassanoi and Metochia) from the Messara–Gavdos region, southern Crete

Zidianakis¹,

Iliopoulos²,

Zelilidis³

et al. 2020

Acta Palaeobotanica

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Based on macroremains, we describe three fossil plant assemblages from the Miocene of the Messara Basin (southern Crete) and the adjacent Gavdos Island. The palaeoflora of Kassanoi, which is the oldest (Messara Basin, Viannos Fm, Serravallian/early Tortonian), is documented mainly by leaf imprints, including a fern, a conifer (Tetraclinis cf. salicornioides) and 23 angiosperms. The assemblage is dominated by Daphnogene polymorpha, Podocarpium podocarpum and Myrica lignitum. The plant record from Pitsidia (Messara Basin, Ambelouzos Fm, early Tortonian) comprises thousands of specimens. The plant fossils are preserved as imprints often covered by an inorganic encrustation (replica). One alga, 2 ferns, at least 5 conifers and more than 45 woody angiosperms were identified. Dominant taxa are Myrica and Pinus pitsidiensis, documented by numerous vegetative and reproductive organs (Zidianakis et al., 2015, 2016). Leaves of oaks (Q. pseudocastanea, Q. kubinyii) and Daphogene polymorpha as well as twigs of Taxodium dubium are also fairly common. From the palaeoflora of Metochia, which is the youngest (Gavdos Island, Metochia Fm, middle Tortonian), (Mantzouka et al., 2015), we report further taxa, including Quercus mediterranea, Ziziphus paradisiaca and a palm (Sabalites sp.). The vegetation is assessed both empirically (phytosociologically) and by Integrated Plant Record (IPR) Vegetation Analysis. The reconstructed vegetation models are presented in detail and discussed in the context of the geological and palaeontological settings of the area. The climate is assessed based on the Coexistence Approach (CA) and the Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP). The palaeoclimatic datasets reveal a warm temperate to subtropical climate, probably with a weak seasonal drought.

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“…Climatic cooling and drying during the later Cenozoic seems to have had a major influence on the distribution of ginkgo. In North America, ginkgo is last recorded in the Pacific Northwest about 15 Mya (Wheeler & Dilhoff, ), and in Europe around 5 Mya (Kovar‐Eder, Givulescu, & Hably, ; Kovar‐Eder, Kvaček, Martinetto, & Roiron, ). It also appears to have been extinguished from Japan around this time (Uemura, ).…”

Section: Evolution and Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

An evolutionary and cultural biography of ginkgo

Crane

2018

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact statement Ginkgo biloba is a distinctive living tree with a unique place in plant evolution and human culture. It is valued in horticulture and as a street tree, is a source of edible “nuts” and popular in herbal medicine, and it has proved inspirational in art, literature, and religion. Ginkgo is also a living link to diverse seed plants that flourished over 100 million years ago. With recent discoveries of extinct fossil ginkgo relatives, and the recent draft sequence of its genome, ginkgo offers opportunities to increase public understanding of plant science and the importance of plant conservation. Summary Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) is one of the world’s most distinctive trees and has no close living relatives. It is the last survivor of an ancient and once diverse lineage that was almost extinguished by the Pleistocene glaciations and survived only as a relic in restricted areas of eastern and central China. Remarkably, since then, through its association with people, ginkgo has undergone a dramatic resurgence. In China, Japan, and Korea, it has long been prized as an edible nut and it is also revered in eastern religions. Ginkgo is also one of the world’s most widely used street trees, has become a popular horticultural novelty, and has featured prominently in art of all kinds. Extracts from its leaves are a widely used herbal supplement. In the context of current threats to plant diversity, ginkgo is a good news story: an unusual exemplar that highlights how people can contribute to species survival in the world of plants.

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Floristic Changes in the Areas Surrounding the Paratethys during Neogene Time

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

The Middle Miocene Central European Plant Record Revisited; Widespread Subhumid Sclerophyllous Forests Indicated

The Middle Miocene Central European Plant Record Revisited; Widespread Subhumid Sclerophyllous Forests Indicated

Three (middle to) late Miocene plant macroremain assemblages (Pitsidia, Kassanoi and Metochia) from the Messara–Gavdos region, southern Crete

An evolutionary and cultural biography of ginkgo

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