Florida Nursery Sales and Economic Impacts of 14 Potentially Invasive Landscape Plant Species

Wirth, Ferdinand F.; Davis, Kathy J.; Wilson, Sandra B.

doi:10.24266/0738-2898-22.1.12

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Impacts would largely result from cosmetic damage, loss of nursery plants due to the unsightly and injurious results of feeding and oviposition, or regulatory quarantines imposed to prevent the spread of this insect. Wirth et al (2004) estimated that annual Florida nursery sales of Colocasia esculenta were worth $868,000, accounting for .05% of total industry sales. While not commonly grown commercially for food in the continental United States, taro is a valued food plant in Hawaii, where it contributed $2.32 million to the economy in 2005 (Cozad et al 2018).…”

Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Taro Planthopper Tarophagus colocasiae (Matsumura) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Delphacidae: Delphacinae)

Tasi

Dale

2021

EDIS

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The taro planthopper, Tarophagus colocasiae (Matsumura), is a sap feeding insect in the family Delphacidae. It primary host plant is taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) Originally native to Southeast Asia, Indonesia, and islands in the Pacific Ocean, Tarophagus colocasiae was first discovered in the continental United States at a garden center in Winter Haven, FL in 2015. The economic impacts of Tarophagus colocasiae in Florida are currently unknown, but it may affect the aesthetic value and saleability of nursery and landscape plants. Also published on the Featured Creatures website at http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/orn/tarophagus_colocasiae.html

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Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Taro Planthopper Tarophagus colocasiae (Matsumura) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Delphacidae: Delphacinae)

Tasi

Dale

2021

EDIS

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“…In response to the risks of biological invasions, several countries have enacted legislation to regulate the use and trade of invasive plant species. Many of these regulated species are, however, of great ornamental value, and so such regulations cause economic losses and directly impinge on individual rights (Wirth et al 2004). Consequently, there has been pressure to either exempt particular genetic entities that are naturally "safe" or "non-invasive" or to develop cultivars that are more environmentally sustainable (Guo et al 2004;Freyre et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying safe cultivars of invasive plants: six questions for risk assessment, management, and communication

Datta¹,

Kumschick²,

Geerts³

et al. 2020

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The regulation of biological invasions is often focussed at the species level. However, the risks posed by infra- and inter-specific entities can be significantly different from the risks posed by the corresponding species, to the extent that they should be regulated and managed differently. In particular, many ornamental plants have been the subject of long-term breeding and selection programmes, with an increasing focus on trying to develop cultivars and hybrids that are less invasive. In this paper, we frame the problem of determining the risk of invasion posed by cultivars or hybrids as a set of six questions that map on to the key components of a risk analysis, viz., risk identification, risk assessment, risk management, and risk communication. 1) Has an infra- or inter-specific entity been proposed as “safe to use” despite at least one of the corresponding species being a harmful invasive? 2) What are the trait differences between the proposed safe alternative and its corresponding invasive species? 3) Do the differences in traits translate into a difference in invasion risk that is significant for regulation? 4) Are the differences spatially and temporally stable? 5) Can the entities be distinguished from each other in practice? 6) What are the appropriate ways to communicate the risks and what can be done to manage them? For each question, we use examples to illustrate how they might be addressed focussing on plant cultivars that are purported to be safe due to sterility. We review the biological basis of sterility, methods used to generate sterile cultivars, and the methods available to confirm sterility. It is apparent that separating invasive genetic entities from less invasive, but closely related, genetic entities in a manner appropriate for regulation currently remains unfeasible in many circumstances – it is a difficult, expensive and potentially fruitless endeavour. Nonetheless, we strongly believe that an a priori assumption of risk should be inherited from the constituent taxa and the onus (and cost) of proof should be held by those who wish to benefit from infra- (or inter-) specific genetic entities. The six questions outlined here provide a general, science-based approach to distinguish closely-related taxa based on the invasion risks they pose.

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“…Lantana is easy to propagate through stem cuttings and has a short production cycle, attributing to its popularity. A survey conducted by Wirth et al (2004) reported that 19% of the Florida nurseries responding to the survey produced lantana. Wholesale value of lantana in Florida was estimated at $40 million a year (Wirth et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genome Size and Karyotype Studies in Five Species of Lantana (Verbenaceae)

Parrish¹,

Qian²,

Deng³

2021

horts

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Lantana species are an important component of the U.S. environmental horticulture industry. The most commonly produced and used species are L. camara and, on a smaller scale, L. montevidensis. Both were introduced to the United States from Central and/or South America. Lantana species native to the continental United States include L. canescens, L. depressa, L. involucrata, etc. and most of them have not been well exploited. This study was conducted to obtain information about somatic chromosome numbers, karyotypes, and genome size of these five species. Nuclear DNA content in these species ranged from 2.74 pg/2C (L. involucrata) to 6.29 pg/2C (L. depressa var. depressa). Four chromosome numbers were observed: 2n = 2x = 22 in L. camara ‘Lola’ and ‘Denholm White’, 2n = 4x = 44 in L. depressa var. depressa, 2n = 2x = 24 in L. canescens and L. involucrata, and 2n = 3x = 36 in L. montevidensis. Two basic chromosome numbers were observed: x = 11 in L. camara and L. depressa var. depressa, and x = 12 in L. canescens, L. involucrata, and L. montevidensis. Analysis of somatic metaphases resulted in formulas of 20m + 2sm for L. camara ‘Lola’ and ‘Denholm White’, 12m + 12sm for L. canescens, 44m for L. depressa var. depressa, 10m + 14sm for L. involucrata, and 32m + 4sm for L. montevidensis. Satellites were identified in all five species, but were associated with a different chromosome group in different species. L. depressa var. depressa had the longest total chromatin length (146.78 µm) with a range of 1.88 to 4.41 µm for individual chromosomes. The maximum arm ratio was observed in L. canescens, with a ratio of 2.5 in chromosome group 3. L. depressa var. depressa was the only species that had all of its centromeres located in the median region of the chromosome. The results show significant differences in nuclear DNA content, chromosome number, and karyotype among three native and two introduced lantana species and will help to identify, preserve, protect, and use native lantana species. The information will be helpful in assessing the ploidy levels in the genus by flow cytometry.

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Florida Nursery Sales and Economic Impacts of 14 Potentially Invasive Landscape Plant Species

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Taro Planthopper Tarophagus colocasiae (Matsumura) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Delphacidae: Delphacinae)

Taro Planthopper Tarophagus colocasiae (Matsumura) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Delphacidae: Delphacinae)

Identifying safe cultivars of invasive plants: six questions for risk assessment, management, and communication

Genome Size and Karyotype Studies in Five Species of Lantana (Verbenaceae)

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