Flood-frequency characteristics of Wisconsin streams

Section: Description Of Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Definition Of Peak-flow Hydrologic Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Techniques for estimating the magnitude and frequency of peak flows on small streams in the binational U.S. and Canadian Lake of the Woods–Rainy River Basin upstream from Kenora, Ontario, Canada, based on data through water year 2013

Sanocki¹,

Williams-Sether²,

Steeves³

et al. 2019

“…The list of streamgages with at least 10 years of record in the study area was screened to eliminate those with potential measurement accuracy issues using several criteria. One was to refer to the list of streamgages used in the most recent published rural flood-frequency studies (Soong and others [2004] in Illinois, Rao [2006] in Indiana, and Walker and Krug [2003] in Wisconsin). John Walker (USGS, written commun., 2013) also provided a list of streamgages being used in an ongoing flood-frequency study in Wisconsin.…”

Section: Streamgage Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of peak discharge quantiles for selected annual exceedance probabilities in northeastern Illinois

Over¹,

Saito²,

Veilleux³

et al. 2016

For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit https://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS.For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov/.Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner.Suggested citation: Over, T.M., Saito, R.J., Veilleux, A.G., Sharpe, J.B., Soong, D.T., and Ishii, A.L., 2017, Estimation of peak discharge quantiles for selected annual exceedance probabilities in northeastern Illinois (ver. 2.0, November 2017): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5050, 50 p. with appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ sir20165050. Also published as: Over, T.M., Saito, R.J., Veilleux, A.G., Sharpe, J.B., Soong, D.T., and Ishii, A.L., 2017, Estimation of peak discharge quantiles for selected annual exceedance probabilities in northeastern Illinois: Illinois Center for Transportation Report, FHWA-ICT-16-013, 318 p. with appendix. AbstractThis report provides two sets of equations for estimating peak discharge quantiles at annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs) of 0.50, 0.20, 0.10, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, and 0.002 (recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 years, respectively) for watersheds in Illinois based on annual maximum peak discharge data from 117 watersheds in and near northeastern Illinois. One set of equations was developed through a temporal analysis with a two-step least squaresquantile regression technique that measures the average effect of changes in the urbanization of the watersheds used in the study. The resulting equations can be used to adjust rural peak discharge quantiles for the effect of urbanization, and in this study the equations also were used to adjust the annual maximum peak discharges from the study watersheds to 2010 urbanization conditions. The other set of equations was developed by a spatial analysis. This analysis used generalized least-squares regression to fit the peak discharge quantiles computed from the urbanization-adjusted annual maximum peak discharges from the study watersheds to drainage-basin characteristics. The peak discharge quantiles were computed by using the Expected Moments Algorithm following the removal of potentially influential low floods defined by a multiple Grubbs-Beck test. To improve the quantile estimates, regional skew coefficients were obtained from a newly developed regional skew model in which the skew increases with the urbanized land use fraction. The drainage-basin characteristics used as explanatory variables in the spatial analysis include drainage area, the fraction of developed land, the fraction of land with poorly ...

“…The largest increase was 9 percent for the Kickapoo River at Steuben. It should be noted that while low-flow characteristics have not been updated in a USGS report since the 1970s and 1980s, the peak discharges determined by Conger (1981) were updated periodically in subsequent reports by Krug and others (1992) and Walker and Krug (2003). Table 6 lists the average annual precipitation for the 15 streamflow-gaging station watersheds for the periods 1915-68 and 1969-2008 along with percent change between the 2 periods.…”

Section: Streamflow Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in streamflow characteristics in Wisconsin as related to precipitation and land use

Gebert¹,

Garn²,

Rose³

2016

Streamflow characteristics were determined for 15 longterm streamflow-gaging stations for the periods 1915-2008, 1915-68, and 1969-2008 to identify trends. Stations selected represent flow characteristics for the major river basins in Wisconsin. Trends were statistically significant at the 95 percent confidence level at 13 of the 15 streamflow-gaging stations for various streamflow characteristics for 1915-2008. Most trends indicated increases in low flows for streams with agriculture as the dominant land use. The three most important findings are: increases in low flows and average flows in agricultural watersheds, decreases in flood peak discharge for many streams in both agricultural and forested watersheds, and climatic change occurred with increasing annual precipitation and changes in monthly occurrence of precipitation. When the 1915-68 period is compared to the 1969-2008 period, the annual 7-day low flow increased an average of 60 percent for nine streams in agricultural areas as compared to a 15 percent increase for the five forested streams. Average annual flow for the same periods increased 23 percent for the agriculture streams and 0.6 percent for the forested streams. The annual flood peak discharge for the same periods decreased 15 percent for agriculture streams and 8 percent for forested streams. The largest increase in the annual 7-day low flow was 117 percent, the largest increase in annual average flow was 41 percent, and the largest decrease in annual peak discharge was 51 percent. The trends in streamflow characteristics affect frequency characteristics, which are used for a variety of design and compliance purposes. The frequencies for the 1969-2008 period were compared to frequencies for the 1915-68 period. The 7-day, 10-year (Q 7, 10) low flow increased 91 percent for nine agricultural streams, while the five forested streams had an increase of 18 percent. The 100-year flood peak discharge decreased an average of 15 percent for streams in the agriculture area and 27 percent for streams in the forested area. Increases in low flow for agriculture streams are attributed to changes in agricultural practices and land use as well as increased precipitation. The decrease in annual flood peak discharge with increased annual precipitation is less clear, but is attributed to increased infiltration from changes in agricultural practices and climatic changes. For future low-flow studies, the 1969-2008 period should be used to determine low-flow characteristics since it represents current (2014) conditions and was generally free of significant trends.