Flexible thin polymer waveguide Bragg grating sensor foils for strain sensing

Missinne, Jeroen; Beneitez, Nuria Teigell; Chiesura, Gabriele; Luyckx, Geert; Degrieck, Joris; Steenberge, Geert Van

doi:10.1117/12.2250823

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This photopolymerization method, which was compatible with optoelectronic devices, provided an efficient approach to fabricate flexible waveguide. Missinne et al fabricated epoxy‐based single‐mode polymer waveguides with Bragg gratings for strain sensing . The 5 µm wide waveguide structures were defined by selective UV exposure using direct‐write lithography.…”

Section: Flexible and Stretchable Photonic Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible and Stretchable Photonic Sensors Based on Modulation of Light Transmission

Wang

2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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Emerging technologies, such as soft robotics, electronic skin, wearable devices, and flexible display, demand the practical application of photonic sensors that are bendable and stretchable, as conventional photonic sensors are fabricated with rigid materials and substrates, rendering their applications in deformable state or soft systems infeasible. Thus, the development of flexible and stretchable photonic sensors, which can be wrapped onto curved surfaces and easily deformed into different shapes and sizes, has inspired great research interest. This article presents recent progress in the development of flexible and stretchable photonic sensors, particularly photonic sensors based on the modulation of light transmission, from the aspects of materials synthesis and selection, structure design, fabrication methods, sensing characteristics, and performances. The challenges and future research opportunities related to flexible and stretchable photonic sensors and their potential application prospects are also discussed.

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Section: Flexible and Stretchable Photonic Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible and Stretchable Photonic Sensors Based on Modulation of Light Transmission

Wang

2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…However, to ensure a reliable sensor fabrication process, the foil substrate cannot be chosen too thin (currently the chosen foil thickness was 175 μm). Even thinner sensor foils (down to 50 μm thick) can be realized by releasing the functional sensor stack from a temporary carrier after the fabrication [11]. However, Ormocer® sensors are very brittle after releasing, making them very difficult to handle as freestanding sensors.…”

Section: Other Differences Between the Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of different polymers and printing technologies for realizing flexible optical waveguide Bragg grating strain sensor foils

Missinne¹,

Mattelin²,

Beneitez

et al. 2019

Organic Photonic Materials and Devices XXI

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Waveguides with Bragg gratings realized on a flat polymer foil are promising candidates for advanced strain sensors since such a planar approach allows precise positioning of multiple sensors in various well-defined directions, in the same foil. As such, an optical version of an electrical strain gage can be realized. Herein, several parameters are discussed which define the behaviour of such sensor foils, in particular the grating design, including the wavelength of operation and mechanical and optical properties of the used polymers. Epoxy and Ormocer®-based Bragg grating sensors operating at 850 nm and 1550 nm wavelength were realized using nano-imprint lithography and laser directwrite lithography and their strain and temperature sensitivities were compared. Finally, it is demonstrated that optical strain gage rosettes can be realized by multiplexing 3 angularly displaced sensors in the same waveguide on a single foil.

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“…Moreover, they offer straightforward multidimensional strain sensing by monitoring multiple photonic structures on one single substrate [ 8 , 9 ]. To date, a variety of polymer-optic materials, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], hybrid organic-inorganic polymers [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], epoxy-based photoresists [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ] and cyclic olefin copolymers (COC), Reference [ 20 ] can be employed to fabricate PPBGs. The latter in particular has shown unambiguous potential in a multitude of sensing applications, since this high-grade optical polymer exhibits a unique combination of an outstanding glass transition temperature, up to 250 °C, and negligible water absorption [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure-Based Fiber-To-Chip Coupling of Polymer Planar Bragg Gratings for Harsh Environment Applications

Kefer

Sauer

Hessler

et al. 2020

Sensors

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This article proposes and demonstrates a robust microstructure-based fiber-to-chip coupling scheme for planar Bragg grating devices. A polymer planar Bragg grating substrate is manufactured and microstructured by means of a micromilling process, while the respective photonic structures are generated by employing a sophisticated single-writing UV-exposure method. A stripped standard single mode fiber is inserted into the microstructure, which is filled with a UV-curable adhesive, and aligned with the integrated waveguide. After curing, final sensor assembly and thermal treatment, the proposed coupling scheme is capable of withstanding pressures up to 10 bar, at room temperature, and pressures up to 7.5 bar at an elevated temperature of 120 °C. Additionally, the coupling scheme is exceedingly robust towards tensile forces, limited only by the tensile strength of the employed single mode fiber. Due to its outstanding robustness, the coupling scheme enables the application of planar Bragg grating devices in harsh environments. This fact is underlined by integrating a microstructure-coupled photonic device into the center of a commercial-grade carbon fiber-reinforced polymer specimen. After its integration, the polymer-based Bragg grating sensor still exhibits a reflection peak with a dynamic range of 24 dB, and can thus be employed for sensing purposes.

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Flexible thin polymer waveguide Bragg grating sensor foils for strain sensing

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Flexible and Stretchable Photonic Sensors Based on Modulation of Light Transmission

Flexible and Stretchable Photonic Sensors Based on Modulation of Light Transmission

Comparison of different polymers and printing technologies for realizing flexible optical waveguide Bragg grating strain sensor foils

Microstructure-Based Fiber-To-Chip Coupling of Polymer Planar Bragg Gratings for Harsh Environment Applications

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