Flebotomíneos coletados em matas remanescentes e abrigos de animais silvestres de zoológico no perímetro urbano de Maringá, sul do Brasil. Estudo preliminar
Abstract:The present study was undertaken after the detection of one case of cutaneous leishmaniasis with presumed infection in one of the three remaining wooded areas in the urban area of the city of Maringá, Southern Brazil; also in view of the lack of knowledge about sand flies and their behavior. From June to September, 1995, sand flies were caught with Falcão traps during the night in the remaining wooded areas (Parque do Ingá, Bosque Dois and Horto Florestal). A total of 2,907 sand flies were caught in Parque do … Show more
“…16 The almost absolute domination of L. whitmani over the other species corroborates what was previously observed in this park. 16 The high prevalence of this species has been observed in endemic areas of tegumentary leishmaniasis in northern Paraná.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…16 The almost absolute domination of L. whitmani over the other species corroborates what was previously observed in this park. 16 The high prevalence of this species has been observed in endemic areas of tegumentary leishmaniasis in northern Paraná. 6,11 -16 The infection of L. whitmani by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis that has been proven in the States of Paraná 6 and Ceará 1,8 highlights the importance of this species in the epidemiology of that disease.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…The small number of phlebotomines collected in the shelter housing the lions and howler monkey (FT1) was different from what was previously collected, 16 when this same shelter was housing a jaguar and yielded the greatest number of phlebotomines of all the shelters for captive forest animals. The low attractive power of the pair of lions for phlebotomines may be explained by the fact that this mammal does not form part of the native Brazilian fauna.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 61%
“…This fact has already been noted in the Ingá Park. 16 The results suggest that the larger quantities of phlebotomines collected in FT3 and FT4 may have been due to the presence of mammals in the shelters where these traps were placed. However, according to Campbell-Lendrum et al 3 (1999) and Quinnel et al 9 (1991), the order of preference that these insects show in relation to hosts is a function of the size or density of such hosts.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…1,2,6,8,10 In the Ingá Park, the remaining native forest provides shelter for a variety of forest mammal species, which form a potential reservoir for In an earlier study in the Ingá Park and another two preserved areas within the urban perimeter of Maringá that are covered with native forest, phlebotomines were found to be present within the forest, especially within habitats for wild animals. 16 In the present investigation, the aim was to expand the knowledge of phlebotomine fauna composition, the inclination of these insects to feed on blood from certain hosts, and the hours of the night and the months in which they are most frequent, in the Ingá Park.…”
ObjectivesTo study the fauna, hours of activity and seasonality of phlebotomines in forest animal habitats in the Ingá Park, on the urban perimeter of the municipality of Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil.
“…16 The almost absolute domination of L. whitmani over the other species corroborates what was previously observed in this park. 16 The high prevalence of this species has been observed in endemic areas of tegumentary leishmaniasis in northern Paraná.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…16 The almost absolute domination of L. whitmani over the other species corroborates what was previously observed in this park. 16 The high prevalence of this species has been observed in endemic areas of tegumentary leishmaniasis in northern Paraná. 6,11 -16 The infection of L. whitmani by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis that has been proven in the States of Paraná 6 and Ceará 1,8 highlights the importance of this species in the epidemiology of that disease.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…The small number of phlebotomines collected in the shelter housing the lions and howler monkey (FT1) was different from what was previously collected, 16 when this same shelter was housing a jaguar and yielded the greatest number of phlebotomines of all the shelters for captive forest animals. The low attractive power of the pair of lions for phlebotomines may be explained by the fact that this mammal does not form part of the native Brazilian fauna.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 61%
“…This fact has already been noted in the Ingá Park. 16 The results suggest that the larger quantities of phlebotomines collected in FT3 and FT4 may have been due to the presence of mammals in the shelters where these traps were placed. However, according to Campbell-Lendrum et al 3 (1999) and Quinnel et al 9 (1991), the order of preference that these insects show in relation to hosts is a function of the size or density of such hosts.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…1,2,6,8,10 In the Ingá Park, the remaining native forest provides shelter for a variety of forest mammal species, which form a potential reservoir for In an earlier study in the Ingá Park and another two preserved areas within the urban perimeter of Maringá that are covered with native forest, phlebotomines were found to be present within the forest, especially within habitats for wild animals. 16 In the present investigation, the aim was to expand the knowledge of phlebotomine fauna composition, the inclination of these insects to feed on blood from certain hosts, and the hours of the night and the months in which they are most frequent, in the Ingá Park.…”
ObjectivesTo study the fauna, hours of activity and seasonality of phlebotomines in forest animal habitats in the Ingá Park, on the urban perimeter of the municipality of Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil.
Background: Conservation projects in zoos may involve translocation of captive animals, which may lead to pathogen spread. Neotropical mammals are important hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. the etiological agents of Chagas disease and Leishmaniasis respectively. Studies of trypanosomatid-infected mammals and vectors (triatomines and sandflies) in zoos are important for the establishment of surveillance and control measures.Objectives: We investigated trypanosomatid infections in captive wild mammals, triatomines and sandflies at the Brasília Zoo.
Methods:We collected triatomines during active bimonthly surveys, sampled sandflies using light-traps and obtained blood samples from 74 mammals between 2016 and 2017. We used quantitative PCR to detect trypanosomatids in vectors and mammals.
Results:We found a colony of 19 Panstrongylus megistus in the porcupine unit and detected T. cruzi infections in five bugs. We captured 17 sandflies of four speciesincluding Nyssomyia whitmani and Lutzomyia longipalpis, but no Leishmania infection was detected. qPCR detected 50 T. cruzi-infected mammals belonging to 24 species and five groups of mammals (Carnivora, Cetartiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Pilosa and Primates); Leishmania DNA was detected in 23 mammals from 15 species, mainly carnivores. We detected trypanosomatid infections in 11 mammals born at the Brasília Zoo.
Conclusions:Our results suggest vector-borne transmission of T. cruzi among maned wolves; measures to reduce the risk of new infections should therefore be taken. We also report sandfly presence and Leishmania-infected mammals at the Brasília Zoo. Translocation of wild mammals in and out of the Brasília Zoo should consider the risk of T. cruzi and Leishmania spread. K E Y W O R D S Conservation, Leishmania, Translocation, Trypanosoma, Zoonosis | 249 REIS Et al.
Some epidemiological aspects of leishmaniasis in the municipality of Formiga, Brazil, an important touristic site, were evaluated. Those included phlebotomine sand fly vectors, canine infection, and geoprocessing analysis for determining critical transmission areas. Sand flies (224 insects) belonging to ten different species were captured. The most captured species included Lutzomyia longipalpis (35.3%), Lutzomyia cortelezzii (33.5%), and Lutzomyia whitmani (18.3%). A significant correlation between sand fly densities and climatic conditions was detected. Serological diagnosis (DPP and ELISA) was performed in 570 dogs indicating a prevalence of 5.8%. After sequencing the main species circulating in the area were Leishmania infantum and Leishmania braziliensis. Spatial analysis demonstrated that vegetation and hydrography may be related to sand fly distribution and infected dogs. The municipality of Formiga has proven leishmaniasis vectors and infected dogs indicating the circulation of the parasite in the city. Correlation of those data with environmental and human cases has identified the critical areas for control interventions (south, northeast, and northwest). In conclusion, there is current transmission of visceral and canine human cases and the city is on the risk for the appearance of cutaneous cases.
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