Flavonoids in common and tartary buckwheat hull extracts and antioxidant activity of the extracts against lipids in mayonnaise

Abstract

Buckwheat hulls, generally discarded as waste, have been known to possess various flavonoids and high antioxidant activities. The objective of this study was to determine effect of extracting solvents [water, ethanol (20%, 50%, 80%, and 100%), methanol, and acetone] on total phenolic content, flavonoid content and composition, and antioxidant activities of common and tartary buckwheat hull extracts. Antioxidative effect of common and tartary buckwheat hull extracts on lipids in mayonnaise was also investigated. Vitexin, isovitexin, isoorientin, orientin, rutin, isoquercetin, and quercetin were identified in the common buckwheat hull extracts, while rutin, quercetin, isoorientin, and isoquercetin were in the tartary buckwheat hull extracts. The methanol and 80% ethanol extracts had more flavonoids than the others, while the aqueous ethanol extracts from both of the hulls had more total phenolics and antioxidant activities. Oxidative stability of lipids in mayonnaises added with common and tartary buckwheat hull extracts (0.02 and 0.08%, w/w) prepared by 50% ethanol were higher than that in the mayonnaise with butylated hydroxytoluene (0.02%) and control. Oxidative stability was not significantly different between the mayonnaises added with the two buckwheat hull extracts.

Multiobjective optimization ofPhoenix dactyliferaL. seeds extraction: Mixture design methodology for phytochemical contents and antibacterial activity

“…In fact, ternary mixture (acetone–ethanol–water) at (29.85–31.31%–38.84%) extracted the highest level of TPC (16.78 mg GAE/g). In this regard, water in the solvent may rise polarity and swell plant materials by permitting the solvent to simply infiltrate the solid matrix (Park, Kim, Lee, Lim, & Hwang, 2019). Consequently an aqueous ethanol–acetone mixture would allow phenolic compounds to be more extractable than an individual solvent (Park et al., 2019).…”

“…In this regard, water in the solvent may rise polarity and swell plant materials by permitting the solvent to simply infiltrate the solid matrix (Park, Kim, Lee, Lim, & Hwang, 2019). Consequently an aqueous ethanol–acetone mixture would allow phenolic compounds to be more extractable than an individual solvent (Park et al., 2019). The results are in agreement with the work described by Alcântara et al.…”

Treasure from garden: Bioactive compounds of buckwheat

“…Four flavones including orientin, isoorientin, vitexin and isovitexin have been identified from common buckwheat sprouts ( Kwon et al, 2018 ), while these flavones isolated from seeds, sprouts, and germinated seeds of common and Tartary buckwheat ( Zhu, 2016 ). Common buckwheat hull extracts contain orientin, vitexin, isoorientin, and isovitexin, whereas Tartary buckwheat hull extracts contain isoorientin ( Park et al, 2019 ). On the other hand, orientin, vitexin, isoorientin, and isovitexin have been isolated from buckwheat grain and hulls, while buckwheat seeds contain isovitexin ( Giménez-Bastida et al, 2018 , Kwon et al, 2018 ).…”

“…Buckwheat is an ancient pseudocereal crop under Polygonaceae family and genus Fagopyrum which occupy a crucial part of the human diet, consumed globally ( Kwon et al, 2018 , Park et al, 2019 , Sinkovic et al, 2020 ). Buckwheat is broadly cultivated in Asia, Europe, and the Americas but originated from mountainous provinces of southern China ( Ji et al, 2019 , Sinkovic et al, 2020 ).…”

Alchemilla Vulgaris'ten Fenoli̇k Bi̇leşi̇kleri̇n Ekstraksi̇yon Koşullarinin Yanit Yüzey Yöntemi̇ Kullanilarak Opti̇mi̇zasyonu

“…Ethanol, methanol, and acetone which are polar organic solvents are used mostly for extraction (Coklar and Akbulut 2017;Park et al, 2019). However, using water for bioactive compounds extraction may be a safer option for pharmaceutical and food applications (Shelembe et al, 2012).…”