Flavobacterium muglaense sp. nov. isolated from internal organs of apparently healthy rainbow trout

Duman, Muhammed; Ay, Hilal; Altun, Soner; Şahi̇n, Nevzat; Satıcıoğlu, İzzet Burçin

doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004903

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The most well-defined clades outside of Clade A (CCB) and Clade F (F. psychrophilum) were Clades C and G. Clade C contained a type-strain from a species associated only with healthy rainbow trout outside of the US -F. muglaense (Duman et al, 2021). Salmonid isolates from CA and UT shared 99-100% 16S rRNA gene similarity to the type-strain, and the phylogenetic tree topography indicates high similarity within the gyrB gene as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Atypical flavobacteria recovered from diseased fish in the Western United States

Heckman

Yazdi

Pomaranski

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Flavobacterial diseases, caused by bacteria in the order Flavobacteriales, are responsible for devastating losses in farmed and wild fish populations worldwide. The genera Flavobacterium (Family Flavobacteriaceae) and Chryseobacterium (Weeksellaceae) encompass the most well-known agents of fish disease in the order, but the full extent of piscine-pathogenic species within these diverse groups is unresolved, and likely underappreciated. To identify emerging agents of flavobacterial disease in US aquaculture, 183 presumptive Flavobacterium and Chryseobacterium isolates were collected from clinically affected fish representing 19 host types, from across six western states. Isolates were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis using the gyrB gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were compared between representatives from each major phylogenetic clade. Of the isolates, 52 were identified as Chryseobacterium species and 131 as Flavobacterium. The majority of Chryseobacterium isolates fell into six clades (A-F) consisting of ≥ 5 fish isolates with ≥ 70% bootstrap support, and Flavobacterium into nine (A-I). Phylogenetic clades showed distinct patterns in antimicrobial susceptibility. Two Chryseobacterium clades (F & G), and four Flavobacterium clades (B, G-I) had comparably high minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for 11/18 antimicrobials tested. Multiple clades in both genera exhibited MICs surpassing the established F. psychrophilum breakpoints for oxytetracycline and florfenicol, indicating potential resistance to two of the three antimicrobials approved for use in finfish aquaculture. Further work to investigate the virulence and antigenic diversity of these genetic groups will improve our understanding of flavobacterial disease, with applications for treatment and vaccination strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Atypical flavobacteria recovered from diseased fish in the Western United States

Heckman

Yazdi

Pomaranski

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Thus, previous research has shown that while MALDI-TOF MS is capable of identifying some common fish pathogens, the current database falls short in identifying uncommon and novel species. The identification of novel fish pathogens in the past few years (Duman et al 2020(Duman et al , 2021b(Duman et al , 2021aMulet et al 2021;Saticioglu et al 2021aSaticioglu et al , 2021bSaticioglu et al , 2021c has clearly demonstrated that MALDI-TOF MS analysis alone would not suffice in microbial identification. Recent studies have demonstrated that while this method can be used for the identification of wellknown species and species for which the method's success has been confirmed, the complementary support of MALDI-TOF MS with phenotypic tests and basic molecular methods is required nonetheless.…”

Section: Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/ionization Time-of-flight M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identification of novel fish pathogens in the past few years (Duman et al. 2020, 2021b, 2021a; Mulet et al. 2021; Saticioglu et al.…”

Section: Whole‐cell Protein Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

General Assessment of Approaches to the Identification of Aquatic Bacterial Pathogens: A Methodological Review

2022

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In the evolving biosphere, pathogenic microorganisms that cause disease may undergo phenotypic changes. While some of these changes result in new variants or mutants, others lead to the emergence of novel pathogens. Such phenotypic changes as well as advances in technology and analytical methods and the identification of genomic sequences of microbial DNA have brought about new methodological approaches in the diagnosis of bacterial diseases. Although bacterial identification was originally based on phenotypic characteristics, later researchers claimed that bacteria could be accurately identified by only gene sequencing and generally by the sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene region. Currently, there is still disagreement between classical microbiologists and those using new genomic sequence technology over the best method for identification. Fish are cold‐blooded animals, and fish pathogens generally exhibit psychrophilic characteristics. Many bacterial identification systems that are used to identify mesophilic bacteria remain useless for identifying fish pathogens because the optimum incubation temperatures for mesophilic bacteria are 35–37°C. Bacteria that are pathogenic to piscine species require specific media for their cultivation at lower incubation temperatures (15–28°C), and this limits both their growth in culture and subsequent identification by phenotype‐based methods. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the isolation and identification of bacterial fish pathogens by optimal culture conditions, biochemical tests, colorimetric methods for rapid identification systems, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, and immunological and molecular methods, as well as an overview of the detection of uncultivable bacteria and the use of anamnesis. We conclude that the accurate identification of fish pathogens requires the use of different methods, including phenotype‐ and genotype‐based tests, and the evaluation of anamnesis.

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“…in seabreams; furthermore, the fungal pathogens Saprolegnia spp. and the parasites Trichodina , Chilodonela , Argulus , and Ergasilus , as well as Leeches have been known for a long time ( Kim et al, 2017 ; Buján et al, 2018 ; Duman et al, 2021 ; Abd El-Hack et al, 2022 ; Shahin et al, 2022 ; Ibrahim et al, 2022a , b ). However, many unknown or emerging etiological diseases still appear frequently in aquatic farms, seriously affecting the development of aquaculture ( Shahin et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new pathogenic isolate of Kocuria kristinae identified for the first time in the marine fish Larimichthys crocea

et al. 2023

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In recent years, new emerging pathogenic microorganisms have frequently appeared in animals, including marine fish, possibly due to climate change, anthropogenic activities, and even cross-species transmission of pathogenic microorganisms among animals or between animals and humans, which poses a serious issue for preventive medicine. In this study, a bacterium was clearly characterized among 64 isolates from the gills of diseased large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea that were raised in marine aquaculture. This strain was identified as K. kristinae by biochemical tests with a VITEK 2.0 analysis system and 16S rRNA sequencing and named K. kristinae_LC. The potential genes that might encode virulence-factors were widely screened through sequence analysis of the whole genome of K. kristinae_LC. Many genes involved in the two-component system and drug-resistance were also annotated. In addition, 104 unique genes in K. kristinae_LC were identified by pan genome analysis with the genomes of this strain from five different origins (woodpecker, medical resource, environment, and marine sponge reef) and the analysis results demonstrated that their predicted functions might be associated with adaptation to living conditions such as higher salinity, complex marine biomes, and low temperature. A significant difference in genomic organization was found among the K. kristinae strains that might be related to their hosts living in different environments. The animal regression test for this new bacterial isolate was carried out using L. crocea, and the results showed that this bacterium could cause the death of L. crocea and that the fish mortality was dose-dependent within 5 days post infection, indicating the pathogenicity of K. kristinae_LC to marine fish. Since K. kristinae has been reported as a pathogen for humans and bovines, in our study, we revealed a new isolate of K. kristinae_LC from marine fish for the first time, suggesting the potentiality of cross-species transmission among animals or from marine animals to humans, from which we would gain insight to help in future public prevention strategies for new emerging pathogens.

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Flavobacterium muglaense sp. nov. isolated from internal organs of apparently healthy rainbow trout

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Atypical flavobacteria recovered from diseased fish in the Western United States

Atypical flavobacteria recovered from diseased fish in the Western United States

General Assessment of Approaches to the Identification of Aquatic Bacterial Pathogens: A Methodological Review

A new pathogenic isolate of Kocuria kristinae identified for the first time in the marine fish Larimichthys crocea

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