Flame retardant textile back-coatings. Part 2. Effectiveness of phosphorus-containing flame retardants in textile back-coating formulations

Novel flame retardant finishing systems for cotton fabrics based on phosphorus-containing compounds and silica derived from sol–gel processes

“…As reported in the literature (Gaan & Sun, 2007a, 2007bHorrocks, Wang, Hall, Sunmonu, & Pearson, 2000), cotton decomposes through three steps: the first (300-400 • C) involves two competitive pathways, which yield aliphatic char and volatile products; in the second and third step (400-800 • C), some aliphatic char converts to aromatic, yielding CO and CO 2 as a consequence of simultaneous carbonisation and char oxidation. In the present work, two decomposition steps are observed between 300 and 550 • C. In the presence of silica alone and in couple with phosphorus, the degradation profile of cotton strongly changes: indeed, the first step is favoured and, consequently, the char formation occurs, whereas the second step almost disappears (the T max 2 values collected in Table 6 are negligible).…”

Functionalisation of textiles by inorganic sol–gel coatings

“…63 A further improvement of heat and flame resistance could be also expected by embedding phosphorus-containing flame-retardants into the nanosol coatings on textile fibres. 64 …”

Flame resistant composites and nanocomposites

“…79 Char-promoting fl ame retardants within the coating do not allow this to occur unless the retardant species becomes mobile and can diffuse through the fabric to the front face. Furthermore, the addition of a nanoclay to a back-coating polymeric fi lm has been shown to have no benefi cial effect when alone.…”