Flacourtia indica based biogenic nanoparticles: development, characterization, and bioactivity against wound associated pathogens

Abstract

Surface engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are of great attention due to their targeted medical applications. The nature of the functionalized surface plays a vital role in achieving the required functionalities of engineered NPs. Owing to the biofilm formation capabilities of wound associated pathogens, impaired wound healing is a major complication in the medical field. In this context, herein, we report the biogenic synthesis of Flacourtia indica (FI) based NPs, i.e., FI-AgNPs using the aqueous leaf extract of this anti-bacterial herb. The newly developed FI-AgNPs were characterized using various analytical and imaging techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The FI-AgNPs showed potent anti-microbial activity and anti-biofilm potential which were examined through a test tube adherence method and congo red agar method. It has been observed that synthesized FI-AgNPs inhibit the formation of a biofilm of observed bacteria, even at a minimum concentration of 80 μgml −1 . These findings suggest that synthesized FI-AgNPs could be used against wound associated microbes, especially bacterial coating on medical devices, to prevent antibiotic-resistant biofilm infections. Further development and research are obligatory to decode this skill into preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Impact of gamma-irradiated silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on growth, lipid, and carbohydrates of Chlorella vulgaris and Dictyochloropsis splendida.

“…The AgNPs formation from silver nitrate solution incubated with P. aeruginosa supernatant overnight at 35°C was demonstrated by the color change of the reaction mixture to brown. The UV-Vis spectrometry exhibited the maximum absorption of the AgNPs at 455 nm Figure 1(a), which was consistent with the recorded range at 400-475 nm of AgNPs synthesized by various bioreductant such as bacterial supernatant (Abo-State & Partila, 2015Razack et al, 2016;Abo-State et al, 2017;Hussein et al, 2020a), fungal filtrates (Gudikandula et al, 2017), algal extracts (Abdel-Raouf et al, 2017;Arévalo-Gallegos et al, 2018) or plant extracts (Tripathi et al, 2017;Tahir et al, 2018;Ahmad et al, 2020). The AFM image suggested the spherical shape of the AgNPs with a size range of 6-12 nm, monodispersed Figure 1(b).…”

Biogenically Synthesized Polysaccharides-Capped Silver Nanoparticles: Immunomodulatory and Antibacterial Potentialities Against Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…Indeed, P. aeruginosa showed the most resistant biofilm to AgNPs treatment. This finding could be explained by studies of Ahmad et al (2020). These researchers reported that AgNPs synthesized with Flacourtia indica did not show biofilm inhibition activity at doses 15-30 µg/mL, whereas a strong biofilm inhibition was observed at a concentration of 100 µg/mL and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ETPS11) was the most resistant as they appeared as a weak biofilm producer.…”

“…Silver nanoparticles strong antimicrobial effects have been shown in many applications as antibacterial textiles, medical devices coatings, home appliances product, and many cosmetics products due to its antibiofilm activities against different pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus , and E. coli (Singh et al, 2018 ). This activity against bacterial biofilm has been broadly recognized (Markowska et al, 2013 ), especially, these activities by plant or microbial biosynthesized nanoparticles (Thuptimdang et al, 2015 ; Singh et al, 2018 ; Ahmad et al, 2020 ). In spite of all published reports that proved the AgNPs antibacterial and antibiofilm actions, the silver nanoparticles antibacterial mechanisms were not fully investigated, and the fact that they act against bacteria is not fully explained (Yassin et al, 2017 ).…”

In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-Bacterial, Anti-biofilm and Cytotoxic Activity of Naturally Inspired Juglans regia, Tamarix aphylla L., and Acacia modesta with Medicinal Potentialities

“…The dried bark of this tree is conventionally used in Pakistan for improving oral hygiene and promoting teeth brightening. Earlier studies reported the antimicrobial activity of this plant against bacteria and fungi that may be due to the presence of polyphenols 1,2,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] .…”

“…It belongs to juglandaceae and has the scientific name Juglans regia. J. regia is a medicinal plant that has been extensively used in traditional medicine for a wide array of ailments [8][9][10][11] . Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst., is another important medicinal plant and belong to the Tamaricaceae family.…”