Fishing for mammalian paradigms in the teleost immune system

Sunyer, J. Oriol

doi:10.1038/ni.2549

Cited by 227 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Further studies on the fish SALT and the IgT system will contribute to revealing some of these principles common to fish and mammals. In that regard, recent comparative studies on the fish immune system have been instrumental in unraveling previously unrecognized aspects of mammalian immunity (38). Additionally, from a more practical perspective, it is well known that the fish skin is a major portal of pathogens for which vaccines are still unavailable, including that used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Teleost skin, an ancient mucosal surface that elicits gut-like immune responses

Parra

Gómez

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

428

342

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Skin homeostasis is critical to preserve animal integrity. Although the skin of most vertebrates is known to contain a skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT), very little is known about skin B-cell responses as well as their evolutionary origins. Teleost fish represent the most ancient bony vertebrates containing a SALT. Due to its lack of keratinization, teleost skin possesses living epithelial cells in direct contact with the water medium. Interestingly, teleost SALT structurally resembles that of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue, and it possesses a diverse microbiota. Thus, we hypothesized that, because teleost SALT and gut-associated lymphoid tissue have probably been subjected to similar evolutionary selective forces, their B-cell responses would be analogous. Confirming this hypothesis, we show that IgT, a teleost immunoglobulin specialized in gut immunity, plays the prevailing role in skin mucosal immunity. We found that IgT + B cells represent the major B-cell subset in the skin epidermis and that IgT is mainly present in polymeric form in the skin mucus. Critically, we found that the majority of the skin microbiota are coated with IgT. Moreover, IgT responses against a skin parasite were mainly limited to the skin whereas IgM responses were almost exclusively detected in the serum. Strikingly, we found that the teleost skin mucosa showed key features of mammalian mucosal surfaces exhibiting a mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Thus, from an evolutionary viewpoint, our findings suggest that, regardless of their phylogenetic origin and tissue localization, the chief immunoglobulins of all mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue operate under the guidance of primordially conserved principles.evolution | mucosal immunoglobulin | Ichthyophthirius multifiliis | cutaneous

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Teleost skin, an ancient mucosal surface that elicits gut-like immune responses

Parra

Gómez

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

428

342

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“…To understand their pathogenetic mechanisms and thereby provide protective strategies again them, some significant experimental methods and high-throughput technologies such as transcriptomics and proteomics have been recently used to gain better knowledge of these viruses and their hosts. Such studies have greatly expanded our knowledge about the innate and acquired immune systems of aquatic animals [151][152][153][154][155]. In China especially, comparative immunological studies of aquaculture animals have flourished over the last 10 years, financial support for research in this area has increased, and progress in this field has been reported in several reviews [156][157][158][159][160][161][162].…”

Section: Virus-host Interactions In Aquatic Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus genomes and virus-host interactions in aquaculture animals

Zhang

Gui

2015

Sci. China Life Sci.

168

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Over the last 30 years, aquaculture has become the fastest growing form of agriculture production in the world, but its development has been hampered by a diverse range of pathogenic viruses. During the last decade, a large number of viruses from aquatic animals have been identified, and more than 100 viral genomes have been sequenced and genetically characterized. These advances are leading to better understanding about antiviral mechanisms and the types of interaction occurring between aquatic viruses and their hosts. Here, based on our research experience of more than 20 years, we review the wealth of genetic and genomic information from studies on a diverse range of aquatic viruses, including iridoviruses, herpesviruses, reoviruses, and rhabdoviruses, and outline some major advances in our understanding of virus-host interactions in animals used in aquaculture.

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“…The teleost fish models have greatly contributed to innate immune system study (Rauta et al 2012, Sunyer 2013. The fish embryonic development usually occurs outside of the maternal body in an aqueous environment, in which the embryos are potentially susceptible to microbial pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of fecundity and offspring immunity in zebrafish fed Lactobacillus rhamnosus CICC 6141 and Lactobacillus casei BL23

Qin

Xu²,

Yang³

et al. 2014

Reproduction

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To increase the knowledge of probiotic effects on zebrafish (Danio rerio), we compare the effects of two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CICC 6141 (a highly adhesive strain) and Lactobacillus casei BL23 (a weakly adhesive strain), on zebrafish reproduction and their offsprings' innate level of immunity to water-borne pathogens. During probiotics treatments from 7 to 28 days, both the Lactobacillus strains, and especially L. casei BL23, significantly increased fecundity in zebrafish: higher rates of egg ovulation, fertilization, and hatching were observed. Increased densities of both small and large vitellogenic follicles, seen in specimens fed either Lactobacillus strain, demonstrated accelerated oocyte maturation. Feeding either strain of Lactobacillus upregulated gene expression of leptin, kiss2, gnrh3, fsh, lh, lhcgr, and paqr8, which were regarded to enhance fecundity and encourage oocyte maturation. Concomitantly, the gene expression of bmp15 and tgfb1 was inhibited, which code for local factors that prevent oocyte maturation. The beneficial effects of the Lactobacillus strains on fecundity diminished after feeding of the probiotics was discontinued, even for the highly adhesive gut Lactobacillus strain. Administering L. rhamnosus CICC 6141 for 28 days was found to affect the innate immunity of offspring derived from their parents, as evinced by a lower level of alkaline phosphatase activity in early larval stages. This study highlights the effects of probiotics both upon the reproductive process and upon the offsprings' immunity during early developmental stages.

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Fishing for mammalian paradigms in the teleost immune system

Cited by 227 publications

References 72 publications

Teleost skin, an ancient mucosal surface that elicits gut-like immune responses

Teleost skin, an ancient mucosal surface that elicits gut-like immune responses

Virus genomes and virus-host interactions in aquaculture animals

Comparison of fecundity and offspring immunity in zebrafish fed Lactobacillus rhamnosus CICC 6141 and Lactobacillus casei BL23

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