First‐trimester maternal vitamin D status and risk for gestational diabetes (GDM) a nested case‐control study

Abstract

Background Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to impaired glucose metabolism. There are sparse data regarding vitamin D and the development of gestational diabetes (GDM). The objective of this study was to assess if first-trimester vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent in women later diagnosed with GDM compared with women with uncomplicated pregnancies. Methods We conducted a nested case-control study of pregnant women who had previously given blood for routine genetic multiple marker screening and subsequently delivered at a tertiary hospital between November 2004 and July 2009. From an overall cohort of 4225 women, 60 cases of GDM were matched by race/ethnicity with 120 women delivering at term (≥37 weeks) with uncomplicated pregnancies. Banked maternal serum was used to measure maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Results The prevalence of first-trimester maternal vitamin D deficiency (defined as 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L) was comparable among women with GDM compared with controls (5/60 vs 8/120, p = 0.90). The median 25(OH)D level for all subjects was 89 nmol/L (interquartile range, 73–106 nmol/L). Seventy three percent (117/160) of the cohort had 25(OH)D levels ≥75 nmol/L. Conclusions In a cohort of pregnant women with mostly sufficient levels of serum 25(OH)D, vitamin D deficiency was not associated with GDM. Further studies are warranted with larger cohorts, especially in populations with lower levels of vitamin D.

A Cross Sectional Study of Vitamin D Level in Patients With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Attending Ante-Natal Care at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah.

“…This result consists with a previous study in USA, a nest case control among 180 pregnant women; they reported a small negative correlation between BMI and vitamin D (Baker et al, 2012).…”

“…Similar results were reported in a USA study, where Baker et al reported no significant association between GDM and vitamin D level (Baker et al, 2012). In contrast, several studies confirmed this significant relation.…”

Concentration of Maternal Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Gestational 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk

“…19 In another case-control study in Iran, it has been shown that women with GDM were 2.7 times more likely to display the low level of serum 25(OH)D. 17 In two other studies Baker et al and also Farrant et al , reported no association between serum 25(OH)D levels and the GDM development among pregnant women. 20,10 In a retrospective study, Makgoba reported no significant differences in serum level of vitamin D in GDM and non-GDM pregnant women. 11 These situations are consistent with the findings of the current study.…”

Global vitamin D status problems: causes, pathogenetic mechanisms, treatment, prevention measures

“…Недавнее ретро-спективное исследование показало, что негативный эффект дефицита витамина D опосредуется через эндометрий, но корреляции уровня дефицита с харак-теристиками стимуляции яичников или маркерами качества эмбриона обнаружено не было [8]. Несколько когортных исследований попытались оценить значения уровней витамина D у пациенток с бесплодием [8][9][10][11][12]. Результаты этих исследований противоречивы: некото-рые данные показывают, что дефицит витамина D ассо-циирован со снижением частоты наступления бере-менности [8,10], другие не находят связи D-дефицита с конечными репродуктивными исходами [11,12].…”

“…Несколько когортных исследований попытались оценить значения уровней витамина D у пациенток с бесплодием [8][9][10][11][12]. Результаты этих исследований противоречивы: некото-рые данные показывают, что дефицит витамина D ассо-циирован со снижением частоты наступления бере-менности [8,10], другие не находят связи D-дефицита с конечными репродуктивными исходами [11,12]. Следует сказать, что число пациентов, включенных в эти исследования, мало, и в протоколах не соблюда-лась политика переноса одного эмбриона (осущест-влялся перенос до 4 эмбрионов, что могло существен-но повлиять на исходы).…”