First survey on the presence of ochratoxin A and fungi in raw cereals and peanut available in the Republic of Niger

Toffa, D.D.; Mahnine, Naima; Ouaffak, L.; Abidi, Abdellah El; Faris, F.Z. El Alaoui; Zinedine, Abdellah

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.028

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The frequency of OTA occurrence (30%) in the maize flour samples analysed in the present study was higher than that (13%) reported by Kouadio et al (2014) in Côte d'Ivoire but the mean (1.9 µg.kg -1 against 21 µg.kg -1 ) and range (<LOQ to 7.6 µg.kg -1 against not detected to 114 µg.kg -1 ) were lower. In other African countries, OTA was found in peanut samples at lower concentrations than those quantified in the present study, but not or seldom in maize and rice samples (Abia et al, 2013;Kamala et al, 2015;Shephard et al, 2013;Toffa et al, 2013). There was the exception of rice samples from Nigeria for which more than 40% were contaminated with OTA at levels up to 1164 µg.kg -1 (Makun et al, 2011(Makun et al, , 2007 and of maize samples from South Africa for which 68% contained OTA at concentrations up to 194 µg.kg -1 (Chilaka et al, 2012).…”

Section: Eu Regulated Mycotoxinscontrasting

confidence: 75%

Multi-mycotoxin determination in rice, maize and peanut products most consumed in Côte d’Ivoire by UHPLC-MS/MS

Manizan

Oplatowska-Stachowiak

Piro-Métayer

et al. 2018

Food Control

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The aim of this study was to determine the multi-mycotoxin occurrence in cereal and oilseed products most consumed in Côte d'Ivoire. A total of 238 samples of rice (88 produced locally or imported), maize (79, cracked or flour) and peanut paste (71) were collected in the main markets of Abidjan, Bouaké and Korhogo. An UHPLC-MS/MS method allowed the analysis of 77 mycotoxins. All the peanut paste samples were contaminated by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) with 99% exceeding the EU limits of 2 µg.kg-1 for AFB1 and 4 µg.kg-1 for total aflatoxins (AFT: B1+B2+G1+G2), and concentrations reaching up to 4535 µg.kg-1 (AFB1) and 8094 µg.kg-1 (AFT). Maize (96%) and rice (57%) samples were also contaminated by AFB1 with 58% and 24% respectively above the EU limits and maximum levels of 80 µg.kg-1 for maize and 14 µg.kg-1 for rice. Only 6% of the cereal samples (3 rice and one maize samples) had ochratoxin A content above the EU limit (3 µg.kg-1). Fumonisins and zearalenone were detected, respectively, in 91% and 8% of the maize samples, and in 18% and 5% of the rice samples but at levels below EU limits. Out of the 238 samples, 91% were contaminated with more than one mycotoxin including EU regulated mycotoxins and/or other mycotoxins mainly beauvericin (79% of the samples), equisetin (71%), aflatoxin M1 (45%), cyclopiazonic acid (32%), fumonisin B3 (29%), sterigmatocystin (24%), citrinin (18%), ochratoxin B (16%) and fusaric acid (15%). The peanut paste samples represented the highest risk to consumer health followed by maize and rice samples.

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Section: Eu Regulated Mycotoxinscontrasting

confidence: 75%

Multi-mycotoxin determination in rice, maize and peanut products most consumed in Côte d’Ivoire by UHPLC-MS/MS

Manizan

Oplatowska-Stachowiak

Piro-Métayer

et al. 2018

Food Control

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“…Tiger–nuts can be contaminated with OTA in the range of 1.2–37 ng/g [ 66 , 67 ]. Peanuts are also frequently (85.7%) contaminated with OTA, the mean value of 3.7 ng/g, the highest amount of 4.9 ng/g [ 68 ]. By way of comparison, the OTA occurrence (%) and the mean of positive samples in a Spanish study [ 14 ] were the following: 41.7% and 0.241 ng/g in peanuts, and 2.9% and 0.228 ng/g in pistachios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ochratoxin A Dietary Exposure of Ten Population Groups in the Czech Republic: Comparison with Data over the World

Ostrý

Malíř

Dofková

et al. 2015

Toxins

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Ochratoxin A is a nephrotoxic and renal carcinogenic mycotoxin and is a common contaminant of various food commodities. Eighty six kinds of foodstuffs (1032 food samples) were collected in 2011–2013. High-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was used for ochratoxin A determination. Limit of quantification of the method varied between 0.01–0.2 μg/kg depending on the food matrices. The most exposed population is children aged 4–6 years old. Globally for this group, the maximum ochratoxin A dietary exposure for “average consumer” was estimated at 3.3 ng/kg bw/day (lower bound, considering the analytical values below the limit of quantification as 0) and 3.9 ng/kg bw/day (middle bound, considering the analytical values below the limit of quantification as 1/2 limit of quantification). Important sources of exposure for this latter group include grain-based products, confectionery, meat products and fruit juice. The dietary intake for “high consumers” in the group 4–6 years old was estimated from grains and grain-based products at 19.8 ng/kg bw/day (middle bound), from tea at 12.0 ng/kg bw/day (middle bound) and from confectionery at 6.5 ng/kg bw/day (middle bound). For men aged 18–59 years old beer was the main contributor with an intake of 2.60 ng/kg bw/day (“high consumers”, middle bound). Tea and grain-based products were identified to be the main contributors for dietary exposure in women aged 18–59 years old. Coffee and wine were identified as a higher contributor of the OTA intake in the population group of women aged 18–59 years old compared to the other population groups.

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“…Corn is predominantly contaminated by ZEN, and most regions in China are exposed to ZEN pollution [2]. OTA is produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium fungi during storage of cereals and associated products [3][4][5]. Food and food products are substantially contaminated by OTA [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Electron Beam Irradiation on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Zearalenone- and Ochratoxin A-Contaminated Corn and In Vivo Toxicity Assessment

Luo

Zhai

et al. 2020

Foods

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Electron beam irradiation (EBI) has high energy, no induced radioactivity, and strong degradation capacity toward mycotoxins, such as zearalenone (ZEN) and ochratoxin A (OTA). In this study, we determined EBI’s influence on the physical and chemical properties of corn contaminated with ZEN and OTA. Moreover, the toxicity of corn after EBI was assessed through a mouse experiment. Amylose content and starch crystallinity in corn decreased significantly (p < 0.05) at an irradiation dose higher than 20 kGy. Scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the starch particles of corn began to be crushed at 10 kGy. Essential and total amino acid contents in corn decreased significantly with increasing irradiation dose of EBI (p < 0.05). Feeding EBI-treated corn fodders to mice could significantly improve blood biochemical indexes. The EBI-treated group was not significantly different from the normal corn group and did not display histopathological changes of the liver. EBI treatment can influence the quality of corn to some extent and effectively lower the toxicity of ZEN and OTA in contaminated corn. The results provide a theoretical and practical basis for the processing of EBI-treated corn and its safety.

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First survey on the presence of ochratoxin A and fungi in raw cereals and peanut available in the Republic of Niger

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Multi-mycotoxin determination in rice, maize and peanut products most consumed in Côte d’Ivoire by UHPLC-MS/MS

Multi-mycotoxin determination in rice, maize and peanut products most consumed in Côte d’Ivoire by UHPLC-MS/MS

Ochratoxin A Dietary Exposure of Ten Population Groups in the Czech Republic: Comparison with Data over the World

Influences of Electron Beam Irradiation on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Zearalenone- and Ochratoxin A-Contaminated Corn and In Vivo Toxicity Assessment

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