First Steps Towards “Green” Cotton in Mali

Renou, Alain; Togola, M.; Téréta, Idrissa; Brévault, Thierry

doi:10.1564/23aug07

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…En Afrique francophone, les travaux sur la lutte étagée ciblée ont montré que les programmes de traitements insecticides peuvent être améliorés pour réduire les quantités d'insecticides à efficacité égale dans le contrôle des ravageurs (Deguine et al, 1993 ;Silvie et al, 2001). Dans l'accompagnement de la diffusion du traitement sur seuil au Mali, Renou et al (2012) ont montré que la consommation d'insecticides pouvait être réduite de moitié pour une meilleure rentabilité de la culture cotonnière. À l'échelle internationale, l'étude menée sous les auspices d'un panel d'experts internationaux (Expert panel on Social, environmental and Economic Performance of cotton production, SEEP) indique que la culture cotonnière n'est plus la culture consommant le plus d'insecticides (de Blécourt et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Dangers potentiels de l’utilisation des insecticides dans la culture cotonnière au Togo de 1990 à 2010

Djagni

Fok

2019

Cah. Agric.

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Dans la perception des profanes, le coton est encore considéré comme la culture consommant le plus d’insecticides néfastes pour la santé et l’environnement. Une telle mauvaise image n’est plus justifiée selon une étude internationale de l’Expert panel on Social, environmental and Economic Performance of cotton production (SEEP), mais les pays producteurs ont peu analysé et informé sur l’évolution de l’utilisation des insecticides. L’article comble cette lacune dans le cas du Togo. Il concerne une étude basée sur la reconstitution des séries de données des surfaces emblavées et d’insecticides distribués aux producteurs de coton de 1990 à 2010. Les données sur les insecticides portent sur les volumes distribués et leur composition en matières actives pour déduire la consommation de matières actives par hectare. En s’inspirant de l’étude internationale mentionnée qui avait compilé les indices d’écotoxicité des matières actives, les charges toxicologiques vis-à-vis de plusieurs organismes ont été calculées pour cerner les dangers potentiels liés aux insecticides utilisés. Ces charges ont été définies pour permettre de cerner l’évolution dans le temps ou de comparer les pays. La consommation de matières actives insecticides au Togo a chuté régulièrement jusqu’à un litre/hectare, au même niveau que l’Australie qui recourt par ailleurs aux variétés génétiquement modifiées. La charge toxicologique, pesant sur l’homme mais aussi sur divers éléments de la faune comme les abeilles ou les daphnies des cours d’eau, a diminué quoique de manière moins régulière. Cette évolution est la conséquence d’une protection limitée des cultures cotonnières depuis trois décennies, à moins de six traitements, et de l’adoption de nouvelles générations de molécules insecticides. Au Togo, l’utilisation des insecticides dans la culture cotonnière a évolué dans une direction plus compatible avec le souci de la santé humaine et de la préservation de l’environnement. Une telle évolution devrait être extrapolable à tous les pays cotonniers de l’Afrique francophone où des études similaires mériteraient d’être réalisées.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Dangers potentiels de l’utilisation des insecticides dans la culture cotonnière au Togo de 1990 à 2010

Djagni

Fok

2019

Cah. Agric.

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“…During the last two decades several researchers have aroused their interest in the study of NDM, which has allowed several researches to be carried out at the genetic, biochemical, physiological and ecological level (Alborn et al, 1997;Atiama-Nurbel et al, 2015;Bernasconi et al, 1998;Catola et al, 2018;D"Alessandro and Turlings, 2005;Loughrin et al, 1994;Schnee et al, 2006;Ton et al, 2007). Consequently, its production is considered to be highly dangerous for the environment and farmers (Renou et al, 2012). Some evidence shows that plant breeding could provide possible answers by VOC to increase their NDM in cotton cultivation, in order to obtain new and improved varieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compounds: plant natural defense mechanisms against herbivorous arthropods and an opportunity for plant breeding of cotton

Villamar-Torres¹,

Mehdi²,

Liuba-Delfini³

et al. 2018

Sci.agropec

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Plants" natural defense mechanisms against herbivorous arthropods include the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC). Nowadays field observations about plant-insect interactions are better understood thanks to the increasingly scientific investigations over recent decades. There are now more precise data about molecules, action modes and physiological and genetic bases of these plant defense mechanisms. VOC present an important potential for crop protection and pesticide use reduction. In the present review, we focus on the latest research advances about plant protection provided by VOC, considering experimental methods of volatile analysis and the involved genes toward genetic improvement of natural defense in the future varieties, particularly for Upland cotton Gossypium hirsutum.

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“…The so‐called targeted staggered control (TSC) method is an IPM technology that was developed for cotton protection in West and Central Africa. TSC consists of six calendar‐based sprays that are conducted every 14 days from 45 days after seedling emergence, with additional threshold‐based sprays carried out 7 days after each calendar‐based spray, but only when the threshold has been reached (Renou et al., ). TSC represents a tradeoff between conventional calendar control and threshold pest control (Togbé et al., ) and is meant to reduce pesticide use without negatively impacting yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TSC represents a tradeoff between conventional calendar control and threshold pest control (Togbé et al., ) and is meant to reduce pesticide use without negatively impacting yield. TSC remains calendar‐based in the sense that half of the dosage recommended for calendar control is used every 2 weeks, while additional specific pesticides are sprayed only if field scouting indicates that pest infestation has exceeded the economic threshold (Brévaut et al, ; Renou et al., ). TSC was introduced and promoted around 1994 in Cameroon, then in Benin, Mali and Togo (Brévault et al., ; Silvie et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most IPM technologies are seldom adopted despite being successful and profitable (Ntow et al., ; White and Wetzstein, ). This is the case regarding TSC in West and Central Africa, where the adoption rate is low—estimated at less than 1.0% in Cameroon, 12.0% in Benin (Silvie et al., ), and 29.0% in Mali (Renou et al., ). Recent studies on this issue in Benin revealed that specific skills and training on technology use, critical knowledge on infestation levels required for TSC application, the unavailability of specific pesticides, and the absence of TSC diffusion projects in villages are the main constraints to TSC adoption (Kpadé and Mensah, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cotton farmers’ willingness to pay for pest management services in northern Benin

Kpade¹,

Mensah²,

Fok

et al. 2016

Agricultural Economics

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This study was carried out to assess cotton farmers' willingness to pay (WTP) for pest management services in northern Benin. Targeted staggered control (TSC) has been introduced to reduce pesticide use in cotton cropping and generate an estimated benefit of FCFA48,800 (€74.40) per cotton hectare accruing from increased productivity and reduced pesticide cost. However, TSC application requires extra time for pest identification and scouting, and its adoption remains low due to the lack of funding to boost farmers' awareness and cover training costs. An interval regression model was used to analyze responses to a double-bounded contingent valuation survey with data collected from 300 cotton farmers. The results showed that 87.3% of cotton farmers were willing to pay for TSC services. Annual WTP per cotton hectare was estimated at FCFA16,962 (€25.80), revealing an existing demand for TSC adoption. Respondents' WTP was driven by farm and socio-economic characteristics. Financial mechanisms managed by farmers could thus potentially foster technology adoption, and in turn, generate economic and environmental benefits.JEL classifications: O13, Q15, Q51

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First Steps Towards “Green” Cotton in Mali

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Dangers potentiels de l’utilisation des insecticides dans la culture cotonnière au Togo de 1990 à 2010

Dangers potentiels de l’utilisation des insecticides dans la culture cotonnière au Togo de 1990 à 2010

Volatile organic compounds: plant natural defense mechanisms against herbivorous arthropods and an opportunity for plant breeding of cotton

Cotton farmers’ willingness to pay for pest management services in northern Benin

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