First Isolations of Arboviruses from Phlebotomine Sand Flies in West Africa

Fontenille, Didier; Traore-Lamizana, Moumouni; Trouillet, J.; Leclerc, A.; Mondo, Mireille; Bâ, Yamar; Digoutte, J. P.; Zeller, H.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1994.50.570

Cited by 52 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A possible annual emergence vertically of infected Aedes mosquitoes may maintain RVF virus at enzootic foci (Swanepoel 1981). Sand ßies were not involved in RVF virus maintenance, yet they allowed the replication virus experimentally (Fontenille et al 1994, Trouillet et al 1995. Phlebotomus dubosqi, one of the species identiÞed in the Barkedji area, has been shown experimentally to transmit RVF virus (Turell and Perkins 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Arbovirus Surveillance from 1990 to 1995 in the Barkedji Area (Ferlo) of Senegal, a Possible Natural Focus of Rift Valley Fever Virus

Traore-Lamizana¹,

Fontenille²,

Diallo³

et al. 2001

J Med Entomol

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Surveillance for mosquito-borne viruses was conducted in Barkedji area from 1990 to 1995, following an outbreak of Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus in southern Mauritania. Mosquitoes, sand flies, and midges were collected from human bait and trapped by solid-state U.S. Army battery-powered CDC miniature light traps baited with dry ice or animals (sheep or chickens) at four ponds. Overall, 237,091 male and female mosquitoes representing 52 species in eight genera, 214,967 Phlebotomine sand flies, and 2,527 Culicoides were collected, identified, and tested for arboviruses in 9,490 pools (7,050 pools of female and 331 of male mosquitoes, 2,059 pools of sand flies and 50 pools of Culicoides). Viruses isolated included one Alphavirus, Babanki (BBK); six Flaviviruses, Bagaza (BAG), Ar D 65239, Wesselsbron (WSL), West Nile (WN), Koutango (KOU), Saboya (SAB); two Bunyavirus, Bunyamwera (BUN) and Ngari (NRI); two Phleboviruses, Rift Valley fever (RVF) and Gabek Forest (GF); one Orbivirus, Ar D 66707 (Sanar); one Rhabdovirus, Chandipura (CHP); and one unclassified virus, Ar D 95537. Based on repeated isolations, high field infection rates and abundance, Culex appeared to be the vectors of BAG, BBK, Ar D 65239 (BAG-like), and WN viruses, Ae. vexans and Ae. ochraceus of RVF virus, Mansonia of WN and BAG viruses, Mimomyia of WN and BAG viruses, and Phlebotomine of SAB, CHP, Ar D 95537, and GF viruses. Our data indicate that RVF virus circulated repeatedly in the Barkedji area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Arbovirus Surveillance from 1990 to 1995 in the Barkedji Area (Ferlo) of Senegal, a Possible Natural Focus of Rift Valley Fever Virus

Traore-Lamizana¹,

Fontenille²,

Diallo³

et al. 2001

J Med Entomol

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“…Individual pools of the sandflies were prepared based on genus identification and gender. Immediately after segregation, pools of male individual (2-32) and female individual (5-27) sandflies were ground separately using Knotes pestles (Sigma), centrifuged, filtered CHPV has been isolated from Phlebotomine sandflies from West Africa (12). In India, this species has been collected from human dwellings and cowsheds in Aurangabad, Maharashtra (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Evidence of Chandipura Virus from <i>Sergentomyia</i> species of Sandflies in Gujarat, India

Damle¹,

Sankararaman

Bhide

et al. 2018

Jpn J Infect Dis

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A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 2 SummaryThe spread and establishment of Chandipura virus (CHPV) infection in India has raised serious epidemiological concerns. Virus interface with the vertebrate hosts, humans and vector competence are the important parameters of disease prevalence. Interestingly, in the present study a highly zoophilic species of sandfly Sergentomyia is emerging as a potential vector of CHPV in Gujarat. It is probably the first report from India that male sandflies have been found to be positive for CHPV by RT-PCR. These finding signifies the vertical transmission of the virus among sandflies and has epidemiological significance.Health Officers, Gujarat, referred nine pools comprising 277 adult sandflies from the disease affected and non affected areas to National Institute of Virology, Pune. Pools were subjected to RT-PCR and sequencing. Of the nine, two female and one male pool was positive for Gujarat and Maharashtra and recently in Orissa and Bihar. All these outbreaks were characterized by very high mortality rates ranging from 28% to 78.3% (2-5 and NIV Unpublished data). In India the first isolation of CHPV was reported from sandflies belonging to the genus Phlebotomus species (6). In the recent past the role of Sergentomyia has been established in transmission of CHPV from endemic region of AP and Maharashtra (7-8). Transovarial transmission of CHPV has also been reported in the laboratory (9). This has raised an alarm of the role of variety of vectors capable of transmitting this virus.This study presents the molecular evidence for the detection and the characterization of CHPV from sandflies obtained from three districts of Gujarat in 2015. Human CHPV cases were also reported during the same period. To our knowledge this is perhaps the first report on detection of CHPV from sandflies from this state.The study was approved by Institutional Biosafety Committee. A small CHPV outbreak was reported during June-August 2015 from Gujarat where four districts were involved (10). During the same period NIV received nine pools comprising 277 adult sandflies from Health Officers of Gujarat ( Figure. 1.). Of them 100 male and 114 female sandflies could be recovered and processed. Table 1 shows details of the sandflies received.The sandfly specimens were chilled and identified on wet ice using the taxonomic key by Lewis (11). Individual pools of the sandflies were prepared based on genus identification and gender. Immediately after segregation, pools of male individual (2-32) and female individual (5-27) sandflies were ground separately using Knotes pestles (Sigma), centrifuged, filtered

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“…SABV transmission is clearly associated with Phlebotomus spp. (Ba et al, 1999;Fontenille et al, 1994;Traore-Lamizana et al, 2001) and BANV transmission is associated with Culex spp. (McIntosh, 1984a).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genomics and evolution of Aedes-borne flaviviruses

Grard

Moureau

Charrel

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

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We analysed the complete coding sequences of all recognized species of Aedes-borne flavivirus, including previously uncharacterized viruses within the yellow fever virus (YFV), Spondweni virus (SPOV) and dengue virus (DENV) groups. Two major phylogenetic lineages were revealed: one included the YFV and Entebbe bat virus groups, and the other included the DENV, SPOV and Culex-borne flavivirus groups. This analysis supported previous evidence that Culex-borne flaviviruses have evolved from ancestral Aedes-borne viruses. However, the topology at the junction between these lineages remains complex and may be refined by the discovery of viruses related to the Kedougou virus. Additionally, viral evolution was found to be associated with the appearance of new biological characteristics; mutations that may modify the envelope protein structure were identified for seven viruses within the YFV group, and an expansion of host-vector range was identified in the two major evolutionary lineages, which in turn may facilitate the emergence of mosquito-borne flaviviruses.

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First Isolations of Arboviruses from Phlebotomine Sand Flies in West Africa

Cited by 52 publications

References 6 publications

Arbovirus Surveillance from 1990 to 1995 in the Barkedji Area (Ferlo) of Senegal, a Possible Natural Focus of Rift Valley Fever Virus

Arbovirus Surveillance from 1990 to 1995 in the Barkedji Area (Ferlo) of Senegal, a Possible Natural Focus of Rift Valley Fever Virus

Molecular Evidence of Chandipura Virus from <i>Sergentomyia</i> species of Sandflies in Gujarat, India

Genomics and evolution of Aedes-borne flaviviruses

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