First detection of pike fry-like rhabdovirus in barbel and spring viraemia of carp virus in sturgeon and pike in aquaculture in the Czech Republic

Abstract

Rapid antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing of cell cultures with organ homogenate from fish, collected from farms with a predominance of common carp or in natural aquaculture in the Czech Republic between 1995 and 2008, identified piscine vesiculovirus in 27 of 178 samples. Using reverse transcription semi-nested PCR, targeting a 550 nucleotide region of the glycoprotein (G) gene, piscine vesiculovirus was confirmed in 23 of the 27 organ samples diagnosed by ELISA as infected. PCR products were amplified and sequenced from 18 isolates from common carp Cyprinus carpio (family Cyprinidae), 2 isolates from northern pike Esox lucius (family Esocidae), and 1 isolate each from Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii (family Acipenseridae), common barbel Barbus barbus (family Cyprinidae), and koi carp Cyprinus carpio koi (family Cyprinidae). The sequences (based on 401 nucleotides) clustered into 2 genogroups. The majority of isolates (n = 22), including those from sturgeon and pike, grouped with the spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) Genogroup I and Subgroup Id. The 22 isolates could be further subdivided into 2 groups: Id1 (n = 20) and Id2 (n = 2). A marker (a non-conservative nucleotide substitution) for the Id1 SVCV group was identified. It was specifically found in all sequences of Id1 isolates when testing SVCV originating from different countries. The remaining isolate from barbel, was classified in the pike fry-like rhabdovirus Genogroup IV. This is the first confirmation of natural SVCV infection in sturgeon and pike, and pike fry-like rhabdovirus infection in barbel. In the case of the pike fry-like rhabdovirus, this is also its first identification in the Czech Republic. According to the presence/absence of evident clinical signs of rhabdoviral disease in the 3 infected hosts, only the sturgeon seemed to be susceptible to the monitored rhabdovirus.

Experimental infection of six North American fish species with the North Carolina strain of spring Viremia of Carp Virus

“…Isolation of SVCV from fish species of other families, after natural infections and/or experimental exposure, has been reported in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Cichlidae; Soliman et al, 2008;Gado et al, 2015), Northern pike Esox lucius (Esocidae; Ahne, 1985;Koutná et al, 2003;Vicenova et al, 2011), Siberian sturgeon Acipenser A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 5 baerii (Acipenseridae; Vicenova et al, 2011), sheatfish Silurus glanis (Siluridae; Fijan et al, 1984;Jørgensen et al, 1989;Pasco et al, 1987), guppy Poecilia reticulata (Poeciliidae; Ahne, 1973;Bachmann and Ahne, 1974), and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Salmonidae; Stone et al, 2003;Jeremić et al 2006;Asl et al 2008b). Natural outbreaks in bluegill Lepomis macrochirus and largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, both members of the family Centrarchidae, have also recently been described (Phelps et al, 2012).…”

Genetic diversity of spring viraemia of carp virus isolates based on the glycoprotein gene

“…; Vicenova et al . ). The G gene spans the region between nt 3094 and 4623 and encodes a 509 amino acid protein that is the most important antigen determining serological features of rhabdoviruses (Bjorklund, Higman & Kurath ; Hoffmann, Schütze & Mettenleiter ; Teng et al .…”

“…As previously mentioned, there is a generally accepted division of known SVCV isolates into four genogroups Ia -Id (Stone et al 2003;Sheppard et al 2007;Vicenova et al 2011). Additionally, in connection with the results of the studies by Miller et al (2007) and Warg et al (2007) on the circulation of distinct SVCV subgroups in the USA and UK, further investigations are necessary to complete the subgrouping of SVCV isolates.…”

“…The SVCV genome is composed of a singlestrand, negative-sense RNA of approximately 11 019-11 100 nucleotides (nt) in length encoding five proteins Vicenova et al 2011). The G gene spans the region between nt 3094 and 4623 and encodes a 509 amino acid protein that is the most important antigen determining serological features of rhabdoviruses (Bjorklund, Higman & Kurath 1996;Hoffmann, Sch€ utze & Mettenleiter 2002;Teng et al 2007;Warg et al 2007).…”

Development of an improved RT‐PCR for specific detection of spring viraemia of carp virus

“…), and Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baerii (Brandt) (Vicenova et al . ). SVC virus (SVCV) has also been isolated from diseased rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) (Jeremic, Ivetic & Radosavljevic ), although under experimental conditions, the isolated virus did not infect rainbow trout but was pathogenic for common carp (P.F.…”