First Detection of OXA-10 Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases and the Occurrence of <b><i>mexR </i></b>and <b><i>nfxB</i></b> in Clinical Isolates of <b><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i></b> from Nigeria

Abstract

Background: The characterization of β-lactamase production in Pseudomonasaeruginosa is rarely reported in Nigeria. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence and characterize the different β-lactamases as well as mechanisms of fluoroquinolones resistance among P. aeruginosa isolated from various clinical sources from Nigeria. Materials and Method: Isolates were investigated using PCR, RFLP and sequencing for the detection of various β-lactamases and efflux pump regulator genes. Result: The prevalence of OXA-10, AmpC, CTX-M and SHV in P. aeruginosa was 80, 70, 5 and 5%, respectively. The coexistence of bla_OXA-10 with bla_AmpC, bla_SHV and bla_CTX-M was reported in 40, 5 and 5% of isolates, respectively. The efflux pump regulator genes mexR and nfxB were both amplified in 45% of the OXA-10-positive isolates. Conclusion: This is the first report of the characterization of OXA-10 extended-spectrum β-lactamases and occurrence of mexR and nfxB efflux regulator genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in Nigeria.

Antibiotic susceptibility pattern and analysis of plasmid profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from human, animal and plant sources

“…Ninety-one percent (91 %) of the P. aeruginosa investigated from clinical, animal and plant sources were resistant to ceftazidime in this study while 55 % were resistant to carbenicillin. According to previous studies, resistance to ceftazidime and carbenicillin by P. aeruginosa is mostly due to the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases such as OXA types and PER that are commonly detected in P. aeruginosa and are usually encoded on mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and integrons (Odumosu et al 2013, 2015; Alikhani et al 2014). Interestingly the P. aeruginosa investigated in this study for the presence of plasmids all had diverse plasmids profile with copies ranging from 1 to 5 and estimated size ranges of <1 to ≥23 (kbp) (Table 6).…”

“…Antimicrobial drug resistance mechanisms and its acquisition in P. aeruginosa are remarkable, to the favour of the pathogen. Several mechanisms of resistance to antimicrobial agents ranging from efflux pump to mobile genetic elements and hydrolysing enzymes have been described in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa (Mesaros et al 2007; Odumosu et al 2013, 2015a, b). Notably among these mechanisms is the production of various classes of β -lactamases that mediates their resistance to beta-lactam drugs.…”

“…Notably among these mechanisms is the production of various classes of β -lactamases that mediates their resistance to beta-lactam drugs. Over the last decades, enzymes in this category have been detected in P. aeruginosa , especially extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) such as OXA, VEB, PER, SHV and TEM types of ESBL (Odumosu et al 2015; Mirsalehian et al 2010). …”

Lysosome Inhibitors Enhance the Chemotherapeutic Activity of Doxorubicin in HepG2 Cells

“…Coverslips were incubated for 60 min at room temperature with primary antibodies diluted in PBS containing 0.5 mg/ml bovine serum albumin. Cells were washed 3 times with PBS and incubated for a further 30 min at room temperature with fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies diluted in PBS/bovine serum albumin [17]. Coverslips were mounted in Mowiol, allowed to dry, and analyzed using an Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope with the DT72 camera and FV10-ASW 3.0 viewer software [18].…”

Bovine esophageal and glossal ulceration associated with <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Fusobacterium</i> spp. in a 10-month-old Holstein heifer

“…Among these mechanisms, a notable one involves the production of various classes of beta-lactamases that mediate the bacterial resistance to beta-lactam drugs. In recent decades, numerous enzymes belonging to this category have been detected in P. aeruginosa , including extended-spectrum beta-lactamases such as OXA, VEB, PER, SHV and TEM [ 14 , 16 ]. Although P. aeruginosa is one of the commonly isolated bacteria infecting the skin and respiratory tract in humans [ 21 , 29 ], few reports have described the histopathological features of infectious lesions caused by this species.…”