Antibiotic susceptibility pattern and analysis of plasmid profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from human, animal and plant sources

Abstract

Multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) constitute a major public health threat globally. Clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa remains one of the most studied MDROs however there is paucity of information regarding the susceptibility of its animal and plants isolates to antipseudomonas drug in Nigeria. From a total of 252 samples consisting of plants, animals and clinical samples, 54, 24 and 22 P. aeruginosa were isolated from vegetables, animals and clinical sources respectively. All the isolates were identified by standard biochemical methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of the 100 P. aeruginosa isolates against 7 antipseudomonal drugs was carried out by disk diffusion method, the phenotypic detection of ESBL was done by double disk synergy test (DDST) while plasmid extraction on 20 selected isolates based on their resistance to 2 or more classes of antibiotics was carried out by alkaline lysis method and analysed with Lambda DNA/Hind lll marker respectively. The AST results revealed highest resistance of 91 and 55 % to ceftazidime and carbenicillin respectively while highest susceptibilities of 99 % for piperacillin–tazobactam and imipenem were recorded in overall assay. Fifteen out of 100 isolates specifically (10) from vegetables, (3) clinical and (2) poultry isolates showed synergy towards the beta-lactamase inhibitor indicating production of ESBL by DDST method. Detection of plasmids was among vegetable (n = 4), poultry (n = 4), cow (n = 3) and clinical isolates (n = 1). Plasmid profile for the selected isolates revealed 6 of the strains had one plasmids each while 5 strains possessed 2–4 plasmids and 1 strain had 5 plasmids. The sizes of the plasmid range from <1 to ≥23kbp. Detection of ESBL and Plasmids among the investigated isolates is suggestive of multiple interplay of resistance mechanism among the isolates. Plants and animal isolates of P. aeruginosa harbouring multiple mechanisms of resistance is of concern due to the danger it poses on the public health.

Plasmid Profile of Multi-drug Resistant Phenotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated among Patients with Indwelling Catheter in Northeastern Nigeria

“…Similar findings elsewhere reported a plasmid prevalence rate of 36.4% [33]. Plasmids are mobile genetic elements and can also facilitate the dispersal of resistance genes among the bacterial population and can also serve as vehicle for other resistance mechanisms [34]. The mobility characteristic of an extrachromosomal DNA means that plasmids can be easily acquired or lost, in both in vivo and in vitro conditions [35].…”

Antimicrobial Resistance in Food Animals and the Environment in Nigeria: A Review

“…This category included 42 studies, with the inclusive eligibility criteria in which diverse phenotypic or genotypic methods were utilized ([14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55], Tables S1–S3). These studies sought to detect the presence and extent of AMR in collected samples with a selected panel of antibiotics.…”

“…The 80 studies excluded did not directly relate to the objectives or yielded information that could be subjected to organized peer review and data analysis. The 59 included studies were sorted into three categories of 42 antimicrobial resistance studies [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55], 16 antimicrobial residue studies [56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71], and 1 antiseptic or disinfectants study [72]. The PRISMA-style flowchart was modified and used for this analytical review (Figure S1) [73].…”

Molecular Characterization of Biofilm-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Healthy Pigs and Chicken in India

“…Elsayed et al (2016) reported recovery of P. aeruginosa isolates from 22.89% broiler samples in Egypt. Similarly, Odumosu et al (2016) also recovered P. aeruginosa isolates from 39.68% samples from cow, poultry, clinical samples and vegetables from Nigeria. Confirmation with BD ™ Phoenix bacterial identification system as well as 16S rRNA gene based PCR may be the reason behind the report of present study depicting lower occurrence of P. aeruginosa.…”