Firmer Footing for a Policy of Early Intervention: Conflict Early Warning and Early Response Comes of Age

Abstract

Initial versions of conflict early warning and early response were designed primarily for use by foreign policy experts to support early responses to avert chaos in governance, factional bloodshed, and associated humanitarian crises. More recently, there has been a shift of emphasis to early warning and early response at a local level due, in part, to emerging technologies-especially cell phones and social media, involving the "net-roots." This use of Information and Communication Technologies for Violence Prevention (ICT4VP) is creating a fusion of outsider-top-level and insider-local-level approaches. Although these new systems can be risky, there is evidence that such combinations can be successful, highlighting the importance of policies designed to support local actors for early response in tandem with initiatives by leaders at mid and top levels.Within foreign policy circles, there is renewed interest in conflict early warning, an approach that supports early intervention before violence erupts to avert massive human suffering, chaos in governance, displacement of large populations, and acute economic malaise. Brante, De Franco, Meyer, and Otto (2011) point out three indications of a resurgence of emphasis on the approach by outsiders at top levels: (a) the stress on improving capacity for prevention at the United Nations (UN) resulting

Peran Penyuluh Agama dalam Respons Dini Konflik Keagamaan di Kota Depok dan Kota Bogor

“…Sebaliknya, sementara kelompok dan individu sering menggunakan perbedaan ini untuk membuat klaim, memobilisasi pendukung, dan mencari posisi dan kekuasaan, maka perbedaan ini menjadi salah satu sumber daya untuk memobilisasi sifat emosional dan dianggap sebagai penyebab konflik (Ross, 2007). Karena itu, kebijakan pencegahan dan penanganan konflik adalah dengan cara mengidentifikasi perkembangan berbagai identitas yang ada di suatu wilayah dengan membangun sebuah sistem informasi mengenai hal ini (Bock, 2015;Clarke, 2005).…”

Using Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour to Predict Usage Behaviour of Government to Citizen ICT Services among people Affected by the war

“…Existing studies on non-natural disasters had highlighted how websites [9,10], blogs [11,12], online forums [13,14], mobile phones [15], online photo-sharing [13], social networking sites [4,16,17], geospatial mapping tools (e.g. Google Maps) [18], and microblogging technologies, such as Twitter [11,[19][20][21][22], are used by affected people in the early stages of disasters within an affected region to mitigate disaster impacts. However, the researchers neglected the usage behaviour and the role of G2C ICT services during the recovery period after non-natural disasters [2,4].…”