Finite element representation of bone substitute remodelling in the jaw bone

Abstract

The finite element (FE) method was originally developed on a physical basis for the computation of structure-mechanical problems. Meanwhile, it has been widely applied to medical issues. This study sought a suitable method to build a FE model for remodelling processes in osseous defects supplemented with bone substitute material. For this purpose, the second right premolars were extracted from four pig mandibles (Sus scrofa domesticus) and the extraction alveoli were provided with synthetic bone substitute material. After 70 days, a segmented osteotomy of this area was performed for specimen collection. Radiographs of the specimens were taken in defined planes before and after fixation and embedded with Technovit 9100. Fixation-related shrinkage was quantified from the radiographs using reference lines. Computer tomographic (CT) and microCT images of the fixed and embedded specimens were obtained. From these data, a FE model was built. The construction of a FE model is sufficient to represent bone remodelling after supply of bone substitute material. The use of microCT data permits building a clearly more precise model.

Immediate loading of an implant with fine threaded neck – bone resorption and clinical outcome of single tooth restorations in the maxilla

“…The tioLogic implants used in this study, which possess a thick and small cervical thread and a rounded apex, and which had been designed with the help of the mechanical event simulation (MES) analysis (fi nite elements method), meet these requirements and make an even distribution of forces without harmful overloading possible [23] . The average MBL of 0.6 ± 1.0 mm noted in the present study for all groups after 6 months is comparable with the study results of other authors that used implants with appropriate micro-and macrostructures [9,23] . When older implant systems were used in a two-stage procedure, the average MBL ranged between 1.5 and 2 mm [14,22] .…”

A preliminary study in osteoinduction by a nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite in the mini pig.

“…In this animal model, signs of early osteogenesis were seen histologically after just 5 weeks of implantation. This is earlier than described after ectopic calcium phosphate implantation in the pig, where osteogenesis appeared after 45 days intramuscularly and 60 days subcutaneously [21,22]. Early osteogenesis was revealed by the observation of osteoblast-like cells and osteoid seams on the surface of the ncHA granules and fibrovascular extensions and vessel-like structures penetrating the biomaterial.…”

Bone stability around dental implants: Treatment related factors

“…With the resulting consistent physiological pressure, the healing process and remodelling of bone tissue around the implant can be supported (Gedrange et al, 2008;Hartwig et al, 1995;Rahimi et al, 2009). Another approach is to position the implant-abutment interface relative to the bone crest at the time of implant placement to alter the horizontal relationship between the implant diameter and the attached abutment diameter; this process is commonly termed 'platform switching'.…”