Fine Structure of the Reticuloendothelial Cells in the Normal Rat Liver: Morphological Classification

Electron Microscopic Study on the Hepatic Sinusoidal Wall and the Fat-Storing Cells in the Normal Human Liver

“…Since FAWCETT (1955) discovered the discontinuity of the hepatic sinusoidal lining, the majority of the investigators have confirmed his findings in several mammals (PARKS 1956, RUTTNER and VOGEL 1957, HAMPTON 1958, WASSERMANN 1958, YAMAGISHI 1959, MATSUO 1959, BENNET et al 1959, COSSEL 1959b, c, 1962, HORIUCHI 1960, STEINER 1961, ROUILLER et al 1963, KUHN et al 1965, TANIKAWA et al 1965, SCHNACK et al 1966. Only WOOD (1963) has found in the calf liver the continuous endothelial lining of the sinusoid.…”

“…As the result he came to the conclusion that there exists a species difference in the hepatic sinusoidal lining. It has been revealed by many of the above mentioned investigators that the gaps or fenestrations found in the endothelial lining of the sinusoid are intercellular in nature (RUTTNER and VOGEL 1957, PARKS 1956, COSSEL 1959b, BENNET et al 1959, ROUILLER et al 1963, TANIKAWA et al 1965. COSSEL (1962) alone, however, classified the gaps into intercellular and intracellular ones proposing that the grades of their manifestation might be due to the functional state of the liver.…”

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Human Liver Sinusoids

“…The Kupffer cell has been morphologically distinguished (FAHIMI, 1970;WIDMANN et al, 1972) even through various stages of reticuloendothelial stimulations (WISSE, 1974 overlapping endothelial cell (STEINER, 1961;WOOD, 1963;YAMAGISHI, 1959;KUHN and OLIVIER, 1965;TANIKAWA et al, 1965;COSSEL, 1968), 2) as a fat-storing cell (ITO and NEMOTO, 1952;YAMAGISHI, 1959;BRONFENMAJER et al, 1966;NICOLESCU and ROUILLER, 1971;TANIKAWA, 1968;WISSE, 1970;WAKE, 1971;WIDMANN et al, 1972), and 3) as a fibroblast and its related cell (ACKERMAN et al, 1961;WOOD, 1963;KUHN and OLIVIER, 1965;SCHNACK et al, 1966;SAFRAN and SCHAFFNER, 1967), and 4) a migrating Kupffer cell (WASSERMANN. 1958;HAMPTON, 1958;YAMAGISHI, 1959;WISSE, 1972 …”

“…Although the fine structure of liver sinusoids has been extensively investigated using the transmission electron microscope (TEM), the following points have remained disputable: 1) the size and distribution of endothelial fenestrations (FAWCETT, 1955;HAMPTON, 1958;WASSERMANN, 1958;BENNETT et al, 1959;WOOD, 1963;KUHN and OLIVIER, 1965;BURKEL and Low, 1966;WISSE, 1970), 2) the question whether Kupffer and endothelial cells are different cells (YAMAGISHI, 1959;CARSTEN, 1961;WOOD, 1963) or mere modifications of a single cell (HAMPTON, 1958;ATERMAN, 1963;BURKEL and LOW, 1966;BLOOM and FAWCETT, 1968;ITO and SHIBASAKI, 1968;NICOLESCU and ROUILLER, 1967), and 3) the identification of the cell processes underlying the endothelial cells (ITO and NEMOTO, 1952;YAMAGISHI 1959;STEINER, 1961;WOOD, 1963;KUHN and OLIVIER, 1965;TANIKAWA et al, 1965;BRONFENMAJER et al, 1966;NICOLESCU and ROUILLER, 1966;TANIKAWA, 1968;COSSEL, 1968;ITO and SHIBASAKI, 1968;WISSE, 1970;WAKE, 1971;WIDMANN et al, 1972). One of the reasons for previous TEM investigators having reached no definite answers to these problems might be that they could obtain the cross-sectional views of only a limited area of the sinusoidal wall.…”

An Ultrastructural Study of Peroxidatic and Phagocytic Activities of Two Types of Sinusoidal Lining Cells in Rat Liver

“…Recent ultrastructural studies demonstrated that at least two morphologically dis tinct types of cells, i.e. the Kupffer and endothelial cells, are present on the sinu soidal wall (Yamagishi 1959; Aterman 1963;Rouiller and Jezequel 1963;Tanikawa et al 1965; Burkel and Low 1966; Imai et al 1967; Nicolescu and Rouiller 1967;Takeuchi et al 1967; Bloom and Fawcett 1968; Ito and Shibasaki 1968; Carr 1970;Staut 1970; Wisse and Deams 1970 a, b;Widmann et al 1972;Wisse 1970Wisse , 1972. In our previous study, the endothelial cell was smooth in outline with thinly attenuated cytoplasmic processes having many regularly sized pores.…”