Field Performance of Saccharum × Miscanthus Intergeneric Hybrids (Miscanes) Under Cool Climatic Conditions of Northern Japan

Kar, Suraj; Weng, Tzu Ya; Nakashima, Taiken; Villanueva‐Morales, Antonio; Stewart, J. Ryan; Sacks, Erik J.; Terajima, Yoshifumi; Yamada, Toshihiko

doi:10.1007/s12155-019-10066-x

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Among the mature stands, 2- and 3-year-old stands showed a similar A net pattern during the growing season; a constant phase where A net varied along a constant mean and a declining phase where A net steadily declined until a hard frost. The observed bi-phasic trend is a novel finding for M.×giganteus ; however, late-season photosynthesis decline occurred in other perennial grasses ( Boersma et al , 2015 ; De Souza et al , 2018 ; Stavridou et al , 2020 ; Kar et al , 2020 ). This biphasic dynamic could be partly driven by temperature differences during the season, as temperature-corrected A net did not show this dynamic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Photosynthetic decline in aging perennial grass is not fully explained by leaf nitrogen

Tejera

Boersma

Archontoulis

et al. 2022

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Aging in perennial plants is traditionally observed in terms of changes in end-of-season biomass, however, the driving phenological and physiological changes are poorly understood. We found that three-year-old (mature) stands of the perennial grass Miscanthus × giganteus had 19 – 30% lower Anet than one-year-old M. × giganteus (juvenile) stands; 10 – 34% lower maximum carboxylation rates of rubisco (P < 0.05); and 34% lower light saturated Anet (Asat; P < 0.05). These changes could be related to nitrogen (N) limitations as mature plants were larger and had 14-34% lower leaf N on an area basis (Na) than juveniles (P<0.05). However, N fertilization restored Na to juvenile levels but compensated only 50% of the observed decline in leaf photosynthesis with age. Comparison of leaf photosynthesis per unit of leaf N (PNUE) showed that mature stands had at least 26% lower PNUE than juvenile stands across all N fertilization rates, suggesting that other factors, besides N, may be limiting photosynthesis in mature stands. We hypothesize that sink limitations in mature stands could be causing feedback inhibition of photosynthesis which is associated with the age-related decline in photosynthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Photosynthetic decline in aging perennial grass is not fully explained by leaf nitrogen

Tejera

Boersma

Archontoulis

et al. 2022

Journal of Experimental Botany

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“…While these calculations oversimplify the relationship between gross carbon fixation and biomass production, the physiological understanding of this decline could elucidate ways to maintain higher photosynthetic rates for longer in the season and thereby increase biomass yields. This late-season decline in photosynthesis is commonly observed in many perennial grasses, and therefore improvement strategies could have a broader impact on cropping systems that include perennial grasses and possibly trees (Kosugi and Matsuo, 2006;Boersma et al, 2015;De Souza et al, 2018;Kar et al, 2020;Stavridou et al, 2020).…”

Section: Switchgrass Resilience To Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal decline in leaf photosynthesis in perennial switchgrass explained by sink limitations and water deficit

et al. 2023

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Leaf photosynthesis of perennial grasses usually decreases markedly from early to late summer, even when the canopy remains green and environmental conditions are favorable for photosynthesis. Understanding the physiological basis of this photosynthetic decline reveals the potential for yield improvement. We tested the association of seasonal photosynthetic decline in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) with water availability by comparing plants experiencing ambient rainfall with plants in a rainfall exclusion experiment in Michigan, USA. For switchgrass exposed to ambient rainfall, daily net CO2 assimilation ( Anet') declined from 0.9 mol CO2 m-2 day-1 in early summer to 0.43 mol CO2 m-2 day-1 in late summer (53% reduction; P<0.0001). Under rainfall exclusion shelters, soil water content was 73% lower and Anet' was 12% and 26% lower in July and September, respectively, compared to those of the rainfed plants. Despite these differences, the seasonal photosynthetic decline was similar in the season-long rainfall exclusion compared to the rainfed plants; Anet' in switchgrass under the shelters declined from 0.85 mol CO2 m-2 day-1 in early summer to 0.39 mol CO2 m-2 day-1 (54% reduction; P<0.0001) in late summer. These results suggest that while water deficit limited Anet' late in the season, abundant late-season rainfalls were not enough to restore Anet' in the rainfed plants to early-summer values suggesting water deficit was not the sole driver of the decline. Alongside change in photosynthesis, starch in the rhizomes increased 4-fold (P<0.0001) and stabilized when leaf photosynthesis reached constant low values. Additionally, water limitation under shelters had no negative effects on the timing of rhizome starch accumulation, and rhizome starch content increased ~ 6-fold. These results showed that rhizomes also affect leaf photosynthesis during the growing season. Towards the end of the growing season, when vegetative growth is completed and rhizome reserves are filled, diminishing rhizome sink activity likely explained the observed photosynthetic declines in plants under both ambient and reduced water availability.

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“…[40] considered the genotype x year interaction to assess the broad-sense heritability of miscanthus production traits and found a substantial effect for plant height, plant circumference and culm-associated traits in one of their mapping populations. Kar et al [57] evaluated the broad-sense heritability of miscane production traits (i.e. hybrids between sugarcane and miscanthus) and found substantial genotype x year variances, especially for the stem length and number of stems.…”

Section: The Contrast Between Young and Old Plant Ages For Genetic Pa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Biomass Production and Composition Traits in Miscanthus sinensis Using a Staggered-Start Design

et al. 2022

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Traits for biomass production and composition make Miscanthus a promising bioenergy crop for different bioconversion routes. They need to be considered in miscanthus breeding programs as they are subjected to genetic and genetic x environment factors. The objective was to estimate the genetic parameters of an M. sinensis population grown during four years in two French locations. In each location, the experiment was established according to a staggered-start design in order to decompose the year effect into age and climate effects. Linear Mixed Models were used to estimate genetic variance, genotype x age, genotype x climate interaction variances and residual variances. Individual plant broad-sense heritability means ranged from 0.42 to 0.62 for biomass production traits, and were more heritable than biomass composition traits with means ranging from 0.26 to 0.47. Heritability increased through time for most of the biomass production and composition traits. Low genetic variance along with large genotype x age and genotype x climate interaction variances tended to decrease the heritability of biomass production traits for young plant ages. Most of the production traits showed large interaction variances for age and climate in both locations, while biomass composition traits highlighted large interaction variances due to climate in Orléans. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between biomass production and composition traits were moderate and positive, while hemicelluloses were negatively correlated with all traits.Efficient genetic progress is achievable for miscanthus breeding when plants get older. The joint improvement of biomass production and composition traits would help provide a better response of miscanthus to selection.

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Field Performance of Saccharum × Miscanthus Intergeneric Hybrids (Miscanes) Under Cool Climatic Conditions of Northern Japan

Cited by 10 publications

References 63 publications

Photosynthetic decline in aging perennial grass is not fully explained by leaf nitrogen

Photosynthetic decline in aging perennial grass is not fully explained by leaf nitrogen

Seasonal decline in leaf photosynthesis in perennial switchgrass explained by sink limitations and water deficit

Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Biomass Production and Composition Traits in Miscanthus sinensis Using a Staggered-Start Design

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