Field Investigation and Modeling of Rapid Subsurface Stormflow through Preferential Pathways in a Vegetated Hillslope of Northeast India

Sarkar, Rupak; Dutta, Subashisa

doi:10.1061/(asce)he.1943-5584.0000431

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Out of these events only two events in the year 2008 and one event in the year 2009 generated surface runoff. The hillslope plot was reported to have very high rates of infiltration due to preferential flow path dominance (Sarkar et al, 2008a,b;Sarkar and Dutta, 2012). Therefore, the observed runoff coefficients were relatively low.…”

Section: Results Of Natural Rainfall-runoff Observationsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Subsequent high intensity rainfall events in these hillslopes often cause some common hydrological extremes viz. flash flood, landslides, and accelerated soil erosion (Sarkar and Dutta, 2012). Therefore, the runoff generation process in these hillslopes under wet antecedent conditions of soil is apparently more dominant and critical compared to the process of unsaturated water flow through soil.…”

Section: Description Of the Hillslope Plotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) was used to perform runoff simulation experiments on the experimental hillslope plot (Sarkar et al, 2008a,b;Sarkar and Dutta, 2012). The set-up consists of an upper channel, a lower channel, two side plates, and volumetric flow measurement systems at both the upper and lower channels.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Runoff plot experiments have been used popularly to study runoff and/or sediment losses from different field sites in Himalayan and Sub-Himalayan regions (Singh et al, 1983;Negi et al, 1998;Sarkar et al, 2008a;Sarkar and Dutta, 2012). Yu et al (1997) studied plotscale rainfall-runoff characteristics at six sites in the tropical and subtropical regions of Australia and Southeast Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An insight into the runoff generation processes in wet sub-tropics: Field evidences from a vegetated hillslope plot

Sarkar

Dutta

Dubey

2015

CATENA

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Section: Results Of Natural Rainfall-runoff Observationsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Description Of the Hillslope Plotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An insight into the runoff generation processes in wet sub-tropics: Field evidences from a vegetated hillslope plot

Sarkar

Dutta

Dubey

2015

CATENA

Self Cite

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“…The kinematic model has been also applied to describe infiltration and subsurface lateral flow (Cabral et al 1992). Sarkar and Dutta (2012) used the kinematic form of Darcy's equation to formulate subsurface flow. To apply the kinematic model, lumping of geographic areas of the basin was necessary because of the basin's physical characteristics, such as surface condition, roughness, and slope.…”

Section: Rainfall-runoff Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of the combined rainfall-runoff process and snowmelt for the Alun River Basin, Heilongjiang, China

et al. 2015

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An accurate assessment of surface water resources would assist land and resource managers in any region. The objectives of this study were to develop a distributed hydrological numerical model for the calculation of rainfall-runoff when combined with snowmelt and to provide a practical method for estimating surface water resources in the semiarid area of western Heilongjiang Province, China. The Alun River Basin, with typical meteorological and hydrological characteristics of a semiarid area of western Heilongjiang Province, was chosen as the study area. Modeling of the vertical soil profile was conducted based on the investigation of physical properties of the underlying topography. A digital elevation model (DEM) and a map of the river channel network of the study area were generated by ArcMap in ArcGIS. Rainfall-runoff and snowmelt modules were developed using kinematic wave equations and the energy budget method, respectively. A distributed hydrological model for combining the snowmelt and the rainfall-runoff modules was developed using Fortran software. Numerical simulation of the observed river channel flow allowed model validation. Both annual and monthly runoff, runoff coefficient, and snowmelt runoff amounts were estimated through analyzing runoff calculation results from 2012 and 2013. The results indicated that the calculation accuracy of the model was within the allowable range of the error criterion (\0.03), the model exhibited relatively high efficiency, and the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) was more than 0.94; the annual runoff coefficients for 2012 and 2013 were 0.35 and 0.43, respectively; the runoff of the main snowmelt period (Mar 1 to Apr 15) accounted for 0.87 and 1.46 % of total annual runoff in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The results should provide a method that can be used for the accurate assessment of surface water resources and may provide the basis for the development of a numerical platform for estimating hydrological processes in the semiarid area of western Heilongjiang Province.

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A fully subordinated linear flow model for hillslope subsurface stormflow

Zhang

Baeumer

Chen

et al. 2017

Water Resources Research

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Hillslope subsurface stormflow exhibits complex patterns when natural soils with multiscale heterogeneity impart a spatiotemporally nonlocal memory on flow dynamics. To efficiently quantify such nonlocal flow responses, this technical note proposes a fully subordinated flow (FSF) equation where the time‐ and flow‐subordination capture the temporal and spatial memory, respectively. Results show that the time‐subordination component of the FSF model captures a wide range of delayed flow response due to various degrees of soil heterogeneity (especially for low‐conductivity zones), while the model's flow‐subordination term accounts for the rapid flow responses along preferential flow paths. In the FSF model, parameters defining spatiotemporal memory functions may be related to soil properties, while other parameters such as scalar factors controlling the overall advection and diffusion are difficult to predict and can be estimated from subsurface stormflow hydrographs. These parameters can be constants at the hillslope scale because the spatiotemporal subordination, an upscaling technique, can capture the impact of system heterogeneity on flow dynamics, leading to a linear FSF model that might be applicable for various slopes. Valid scale, limitation and extension of the FSF model, and modification of the model for other complex hydrological dynamics are also discussed.

show abstract

Field Investigation and Modeling of Rapid Subsurface Stormflow through Preferential Pathways in a Vegetated Hillslope of Northeast India

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

An insight into the runoff generation processes in wet sub-tropics: Field evidences from a vegetated hillslope plot

An insight into the runoff generation processes in wet sub-tropics: Field evidences from a vegetated hillslope plot

Numerical analysis of the combined rainfall-runoff process and snowmelt for the Alun River Basin, Heilongjiang, China

A fully subordinated linear flow model for hillslope subsurface stormflow

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